基于安德森模型的上海市远郊区老年人养老模式选择意愿及影响因素分析

Willingness and influencing factors of the pension model choice in the outer suburbs of Shanghai based on the Anderson model

目的了解上海市长期护理保险政策试点实施以来,远郊区老年人养老模式选择意愿及其影响因素,为完善上海市养老服务保障体系提供依据。方法基于安德森模型,自编问卷调查远郊区老年人养老模式的选择意愿,运用多元Logistic回归分析影响远郊区老年人养老模式选择的因素。结果955位老年人中77.2%选择居家养老,13.2%愿意接受社区养老,9.6%选择机构养老。Logistic回归分析显示,初中文化程度(OR=4.254)、比较赞同"入住养老机构说明子女不孝顺、入住养老院就颜面无存"(OR=13.062)、对上海市老年照护统一需求评估工作不太了解(OR=5.214)、健康状况好(OR=7.550)的老年人选择居家养老的可能高于选择机构养老,有城镇职工基本养老保险(OR=0.115)、2个子女(OR=0.310)的老年人选择居家养老的可能低于选择机构养老。结论上海市应加强长期护理保险、老年照护统一需求评估等养老服务政策的宣贯,转变老年人养老观念,提升远郊区社会养老服务能力。

ObjectiveTo understand the willingness and influencing factors of the pension model choice in the outer suburbs since the pilot implementation of the long-term care insurance policy in Shanghai,so as to provide basis for improving the elderly care service security system in Shanghai.Methods questionnaire was used to investigate the willingness of the pension model choice in the outer suburbs,and multiple Logistic regression analysis method was used to analyze the factors that affect the choice of elderly in the outer suburbs.ResultsOf the 955 elderly,77.2%chose home-based care,13.2%were willing to accept community-based care,and 9.6%chose institutional care.Logistic regression analysis showed that the elderly with junior high school education(OR=4.254),who agreed with“living in an elderly care institution shows that their children are unfilial and feel ashamed when living in an elderly care institution”(OR=13.062),who did not know much about the unified needs assessment of elderly care in Shanghai(OR=5.214),and who were in good health(OR=7.550)might choose home-based care more than institutional care.The elderly with basic endowment insurance for urban employees(OR=0.115)and had two children(OR=0.310)might choose home-based care less than institutional care.ConclusionShanghai should strengthen the publicity and implementation of elderly care service policies such as long-term care insurance and unified needs assessment for elderly care,change the concept of elderly care for the elderly,and improve the social elderly service capabilities in the outer suburbs.