新引烤烟品种云烟105烘烤特性研究

Research Curing Characteristics of Newly Introduced Flue-cured Tobacco Variety Yunyan 105

为探明烤烟品种云烟105的烘烤特性,本研究以云烟87为对照,通过暗箱试验和烘烤试验,研究云烟105的变黄、变褐、失水特性、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性及常规化学成分变化规律。暗箱试验结果表明,两个品种烟叶变黄规律相似且完全变黄时间接近(约72h),但变黄过程颜色值略有差异,云烟105的亮度值(L)、色调值(H)略高于云烟87,而红度值(a)、黄度值(b)及彩度值(c)略低于云烟87;变褐3成时间两个品种均超过120 h,但云烟105较云烟87快12 h。烘烤试验结果表明,两个品种烘烤过程烟叶水分变化规律相似,失水均衡性云烟105为0.39,较云烟87低0.03;云烟105的叶绿素相对含量值(SPAD)下降速度在变黄中期前略快于云烟87,64h后二者基本接近,至72 h下降约90%;PPO活性均值云烟105为0.32 U,较云烟87高0.05 U;两个品种常规化学成分变化规律相似,除云烟105总糖、还原糖含量高于云烟87外,其余化学成分两品种无明显差异。综合暗箱和烘烤试验评价,云烟105易烤性与云烟87相当,均表现较好,耐烤性属于中等至较好的范畴,略差于云烟87耐烤性。建议云烟105在烘烤过程需更加注意定色期尤其是定色初期的温湿度控制。

In order to explore the flue-cured characteristics of yunyan 105,yunyan 87 was used as the control to study the characteristics of yellow,brown,water loss,polyphenol oxidase activity and conventional chemical composition change of Yunyan 105 through dark chamber test and curing test.The results of dark box experiment showed that the two varieties had similar yellowing rules and the time of complete yellowing was close(about 72 h),but the color values of the yellowing process were slightly different.The brightness values(L)and color phase angle(H)values of Yunyan 105 were slightly higher than those of Yunyan 87,while the redness value(a),yellowness value(b)and saturation value(c)were slightly lower than those of Yunyan 87.The Browning time of both cultivars was over 120 h,but yunyan 105 was12 h faster than Yunyan 87.The results of flue-cured test showed that the water loss equilibrium of Yunyan 105 was 0.39,0.03 lower than that of Yunyan 87.The yellowing period early stage of the chlorophyll relative content(SPAD)decline rate of yunyan 105 was slightly faster than that of yunyan 87,after 64 hours they’re almost close and decreased about 90%after 72 h.The average PPO activity of Yunyan 105 was0.32 U,0.05 U higher than that of Yunyan 87.The conventional chemical composition of yunyan 105 was similar to that of Yunyan 87,except that the contents of total sugar and reducing sugar of Yunyan 105 were higher than those of Yunyan 87.According to the evaluation of curing test and dark chamber test,yunyan 105 has a good performance as yunyan 87,and its baking resistance belongs to the category of medium to good,slightly worse than Yunyan 87.It is suggested that yunyan 105 should pay more attention to the temperature and humidity control during the color fixing period,especially in the initial stage of fixing color.