烟叶含梗率性状的鉴定方法研究

Effects of Different Drying Methods and Equilibrium Moisture Content on Tobacco Stem Content

含梗率是烟叶的重要经济性状和物理特性指标,其测定方法过程繁琐、时间长,在品种选育中难以应用于大量品系鉴定和选择。为快速地测定含梗率,本研究设置杀青和烘烤干燥方式、叶梗分离和不分离处理以及0、5%、10%、15%和20%共5种烤后烟叶平衡含水率处理,测定不同品种间各处理的烟叶含梗率。结果表明不同品种间烟叶含梗率相差极显著,烟草叶片梗的生长发育受遗传控制,说明选育含梗率低的品种是降低烟叶含梗率的有效途径;采用烘烤干燥方式的烟叶含梗率极显著高于杀青干燥方式,两种干燥方式间的烟叶含梗率差异极显著,相关系数为0.98,回归方程为y=1.6159x+5.2039;叶梗分离和不分离干燥后的烟叶含梗率差异极显著,叶梗分离后杀青干燥与不分离烘烤的烟叶含梗率的差异达到极显著水平,相关系数为0.93,回归方程为y=1.2299x-2.070 5;当含水率在0~20%时,烟叶含梗率测定结果差异不显著。因此,在研究烟叶含梗率的遗传和进行新品系烟叶含梗率鉴定选择时,可采用将成熟烟叶的叶梗分离后进行杀青干燥,冷却后即可测定烟叶含梗率,根据测定值与对照品种烟叶含梗率的高低进行取舍,或采用回归方程预测该品系烘烤后的烟叶含梗率。成熟烟叶叶梗分离后杀青干燥测定烟叶含梗率的方法能提早鉴定时间、提高鉴定效率,可及时、快速、准确地对育种材料烟叶含梗率进行鉴定选择。

Stem content is an important economic and physical characteristic index of tobacco,and its determination method is complicated and time-consuming,so it is difficult to be used in variety breeding.In order to determine the stem content quickly,this study set up 5 kinds of treatments including the methods of fixing and drying,separating and non-separating of leaf stem and 0,5%,10%,15%and 20%equilibrium moisture content of flue-cured tobacco leaves,the stem content of different tobacco varieties was determined.The results showed that there was a significant difference in stem content among tobacco varieties,and the growth and development of stem were controlled by heredity.The stem content of flue-cured tobacco was significantly higher than that of fixed-dried tobacco.The Correlation Coefficient was0.98 and the regression equation was y=1.6159 x+5.2039 The difference of stem content between separated and dried stems was very significant.The Correlation Coefficient was 0.93,and the difference of stem content between dried and dried stems was very significant,the regression equation is y=1.2299 x-2.0705.When the moisture content is 0~20%,the difference of tobacco stem content is not significant.Therefore,when studying the heredity of tobacco stem content and selecting new tobacco varieties,the stem content of mature tobacco leaves can be separated and dried,then the stem content of tobacco leaves can be determined after cooling,the stem content of flue-cured tobacco was predicted by regression equation according to the difference between the measured value and the control variety.The method of regression equation to predict stem content of flue-cured tobacco leaves can advance the identifying time,improve the identifying efficiency,and identify and select the stem content of breeding materials in time,quickly and accurately.