供给外部性、市场潜力与中国城市高新技术产业集聚

Supply externality,market potential and theagglomeration of urban High-tech industries in China

基于2011—2018年191个地级及以上城市数据,综合运用FE、系统GMM与BCFE方法,实证分析了中国城市高新技术产业集聚的影响因素。结果显示:促进东部城市高新产业集聚的主要因素是国内市场潜力、外地中间品可得性、本地专业化劳动力可得性与固定资本存量;促进中部城市高新产业集聚的主要因素则是固定资本存量、本地和外地专业化劳动力可得性;本地专业化劳动力可得性和工资水平对西部城市作用更大,西部城市固定资本和研发投入严重不足。此外,国外市场潜力的作用十分有限,新兴产业偏离本地比较优势的趋势较为突出,各地风险资本市场发展普遍滞后。国内市场潜力、外地中间品可得性与交通条件均呈现出门槛效应,供给外部性与国内市场潜力均未展现出明显的空间衰减特征。

Using FE, system GMM and BCFE methods to estimate the influencing factors of agglomeration of high-tech industries in Chinese cities. Results show that: The main factors that promote the agglomeration of high-tech industries in eastern cities are the domestic market potential, the availability of nonlocal intermediate products, the availability of local specialized labor and stocks of fixed capital. The main factors in central cities are the stocks of fixed capital, the availability of local and nonlocal specialized labor. The availability of local specialized labor and wage levels have a greater impact on western cities. The western region is seriously inadequate in capital and R&D investment. The role of foreign market potential is very limited. Emerging industries have deviated obviously from local comparative advantages. The domestic market potential, the availability of foreign intermediate products and traffic conditions all show threshold effects. The development of local venture capital markets is relatively lagged.Neither the supply externality nor the domestic market potential shows obvious spatial decay characteristics.