职业教育第三方评估中的利益相关者:角色定位与行动机制

Stakeholders in the Third-party Evaluation of Vocational Education:Role Orientation and Action Mechanism

职业教育第三方评估是提升职业教育办学与人才培养质量的重要抓手,但当前我国职业教育第三方评估却面临着评估机构独立性缺失、评估水准专业性欠佳、评估结果权威性不高等现实困境。通过利益相关者理论可以确定政府、职业院校、教师、学生和社会在职业教育第三方评估中"统筹者""深度参与者""协同配合者""直接受益者""监督者"的角色定位,这五大主体共同推动了职业教育第三方评估的开展。因此,需立足利益相关者现实需求设计他们在职业教育第三方评估中的行动机制,通过明确政府边界、加强院校合作、满足师生需求、规范社会参与,促使职业教育第三方评估向高质量发展目标迈进。

The opinions on promoting the high-quality development of modem vocational education puts forward new requirements for improving the quality assurance system of vocational education,which provides policy guidance for the development of the third-party evaluation of vocational education.The third-party evaluation of vocational education is an important starting point to improve the quality of school-running and talent training of vocational education.However,at present,the third-party evaluation of vocational education in China is facing the practical dilemma of lack of independence of evaluation institutions,poor professionalism of evaluation level and low authority of evaluation results.Through the stakeholder theory,we can determine the role orientation of the government,vocational colleges,teachers,students and society in the third-party evaluation of vocational education,such as"coordinator","deep paxticipat","collaborator"."direct beneficiary"and"supervisor".These five subjects jointly promote the development of the third-party evaluation of vocational education.Therefore,it is necessary to design their action mechanism in the third-party evaluation of vocational education based on the actual needs of stakeholders,clarify government boundaries,strengthen institutional cooperation,meet the needs of teachers and students,standardize social participation,and promote the third-party evaluation of vocational education to move forward to the goal of high-quality development.