南京市成年居民健康生活方式状况分析

Prevalence of healthy lifestyle in adults in Nanjing

目的分析当前南京市成年居民健康生活方式现状及影响因素。方法本文利用2017年南京市慢性病危险因素监测数据,共纳入60283名研究对象。健康生活方式定义为:当前不吸烟、不过量饮酒、健康饮食习惯、积极体力活动、BMI值18.5~23.9 kg/m^(2),腰围男性<85 cm/女性<80 cm,每符合一项计1分,健康生活方式总分范围0~6分。采用广义线性混合模型(Generalized linear mixed models,GLMM)即多水平模型分析健康生活方式得分影响因素。结果调查对象平均年龄(43.7±16.4)岁,其中81.0%当前不吸烟、96.5%不过量饮酒、21.4%健康饮食习惯、41.8%积极体力活动,52.8%BMI值正常范围、53.5%腰围正常范围。全部研究对象的健康生活方式得分均值为(3.5±1.2)分,其中得2~4分者占75.3%,仅3.1%居民所有生活方式均健康。多水平模型分析结果显示:女性(OR=2.885,95%CI:2.788~2.985)、文化程度较高(与小学及以下相比,初高中OR=1.341,95%CI:1.258~1.429、大专及以上OR=1.775,95%CI:1.654~1.904)者健康生活方式得分≥4分比例较高;中高年龄组(与<45岁组相比,45~59岁组OR=0.642,95%CI:0.615~0.671、≥60岁组OR=0.593,95%CI:0.563~0.624)、郊区居民(OR=0.842,95%CI:0.809~0.876)健康生活方式得分≥4分比例较低,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论南京市成年居民多种慢性病相关生活方式均健康比例较低,健康生活方式干预工作应重点关注男性、中老年、郊区、低文化程度居民。

Objective To examine the prevalence of healthy lifestyle in adults in Nanjing.Methods A total of 60283 subjects were included in this study based on the monitoring data of chronic disease risk factors in Nanjing in 2017.Healthy lifestyle was defined as the following characteristics:never smoking or quit smoking,non-excessive drinking,healthy eating habits,active physical activity,BMI 18.5-23.9 kg/m^(2),and waist circumstance<85 cm(men)/<80 cm(women).We calculated the healthy lifestyle scores by counting the number of all the healthy lifestyle factors,with a range from 0 to 6.Generalized Linear Mixed Models(GLMM)was used to analyze the influencing factors of healthy lifestyle score.Results The average age of the respondents was(43.7±16.4)years.The rates of the above 6 healthy lifestyle were 81.0%,96.5%,21.4%,41.8%,52.8%,53.5%,respectively.The average score with the mean healthy lifestyle was(3.5±1.2).Most participants(75.3%)had 2-4 kinds of healthy components,while only 3.1%of the participants had all six healthy lifestyle.Generalized linear mixed models showed that women(OR=2.885,95%CI:2.788-2.985),higher education level(junior high school OR=1.341,95%CI:1.258-1.429,junior college or above OR=1.775,95%CI:1.654-1.904)had higher proportion of healthy lifestyle(score≥4).With the increase of age(45-59 years old,OR=0.642,95%CI:0.615-0.671,≥60 years old OR=0.593,95%CI:0.563-0.624)and rural residents(OR=0.842,95%CI:0.809-0.876)had lower healthy lifestyle score(all P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of optimal lifestyles in Nanjing adults appeared extremely low.Healthy lifestyle intervention should be focus on men,the elder person,rural areas and residents with low education level.