天津市预防接种新媒体在线教育平台应用效果评估

Effectiveness of new media online platform for vaccination education in Tianjin

目的分析应用新媒体在线教育平台对儿童家长预防接种知识、态度和行为的干预效果。方法采用分层随机抽样方法选取天津市8家接种门诊,将新生儿家长分别纳入新媒体在线教育平台宣教组(线上组)、传统面对面宣教组(线下组)及未干预组(对照组),比较健康教育干预后家长预防接种知识、态度和相关行为共29个项目得分情况。结果线上及线下组在知识、态度和行为各方面得分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。组间比较显示,线上组在接种基础知识(2.76±0.587 vs 2.66±0.524)、疫苗与所预防疾病(2.36±0.816 vs 2.12±0.858)认知得分及疫苗有效性(4.49±0.907 vs 4.19±1.240)、儿童发育影响(4.28±0.971 vs 4.03±1.206)、非免疫规划疫苗必要性(3.99±1.116 vs 3.62±1.302)态度得分均高于线下组(P<0.05);线下组在接种非免疫规划疫苗(3.74±1.160 vs 4.04±1.059)行为得分高于线上组(P<0.05);线上、线下组在阅读告知书(4.40±0.901 vs 4.35±0.927)、自查健康(4.62±0.685 vs 4.60±0.705)、留观(4.74±0.577 vs 4.77±0.537)、关注接种进展(4.68±0.649 vs 4.65±0.678)方面得分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论新媒体在线健康教育方式对家长在预防接种认知和态度方面的效果优于面对面宣教方式,对多项行为规范性的作用相似,值得进一步推广。

Objective To determine effectiveness of new media platform for vaccination education on the knowledge,attitude and behavior of parents in Tianjin.Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to select parents of newborns from 8 vaccination clinics in Tianjin.Parents were allocated into the new media education platform for health education group(online group),traditional face-to-face education group(offline group)and non-intervention group(control group).The scores of 29 questions in parental vaccination knowledge,attitude and behavior after intervention were compared.Results The online and offline groups have higher scores in knowledge,attitude and behavior than the control group(P<0.05).The online group had higher cognition scores on basic knowledge of vaccination(2.76±0.587 vs 2.66±0.524)and vaccine-prevented diseases(2.36±0.816 vs 2.12±0.858)than the offline group(P<0.05).The online group had higher attitude scores on effective in vaccination(4.49±0.907 vs 4.19±1.240),children′s developmental impact(4.28±0.971 vs 4.03±1.206),and the necessity of non-immunization program vaccination(3.99±1.116 vs 3.62±1.302)than the offline group(P<0.05).The offline group had higher behavioral scores on non-immunization program selection(3.74±1.160 vs 4.04±1.059)than the online group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the online and offline groups in reading notices(4.40±0.901 vs 4.35±0.927),self-checking health(4.62±0.685 vs 4.60±0.705),observing(4.74±0.577 vs 4.77±0.537),and paying attention to the progress of vaccination(4.68±0.649 vs 4.65±0.678)(P>0.05).Conclusion The method of new media online platform for health education was better on parents′vaccination knowledge and attitude than offline,and similar on multiple behavioral initiatives.The method is worthy of further promotion.