初乳多次喂养在降低新生儿黄疸发生率中应用价值探讨

Application value of multiple colostrum feedings in reducing the incidence of neonatal jaundice

目的探究多次初乳喂养对降低新生儿黄疸发生率的临床效果。方法选择2018年1月至2019年1月在浙江萧山医院足月分娩的新生儿作为研究对象,从中随机抽选出100例新生儿,采用随机数字表法将100例新生儿分成对照组、观察组,每组50例。对照组新生儿初乳日喂养<4次,而观察组新生儿初乳日喂养>12次,比较两组新生儿黄疸发生率、黄疸发生程度、黄疸持续时间、出生后7 d胆红素水平,并比较两组新生儿近亲属满意度。结果观察组新生儿黄疸发生程度均低于对照组,观察组正常率高于对照组,两组差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);观察组新生儿黄疸持续时间为(2.10±0.35)d,短于对照组新生儿黄疸持续时间[(4.25±1.53)d],两组差异有统计学意义(t=8.66,P<0.001)。两组新生儿1~5 d胆红素水平差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组新生儿近亲属满意度为96.00%,明显高于对照组的84.00%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.00,P=0.045)。所有黄疸新生儿在接受短期多次蓝光治疗后均治愈,未发生明显的不良反应。结论初乳多次喂养能够明显降低新生儿黄疸发生率,提高新生儿近亲属满意度,对母婴健康具有积极作用,值得推广。

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of multiple colostrum feedings in reducing the incidence of neonatal jaundice.Methods We randomly selected 100 full-term neonates delivered in Xiaoshan Hospital from January 2018 to January 2019 and randomly allocated them into control and observation groups(n=50/group).The control group was administered colostrum<4 times/day,and the observation group was administered colostrum>12 times/day.The incidence of neonatal jaundice,the severity of jaundice,the duration of jaundice,serum bilirubin level 7 days after birth,and the satisfaction of neonatal close relatives were compared between the two groups.Results Neonatal jaundice was significantly milder in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).The proportion of healthy neonates was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).The duration of jaundice was shorter in the observation group than in the control group[(2.10±0.35)days vs.(4.25±1.53)days,t=8.66,P<0.001].There was a significant difference in serum bilirubin level 1-5 days after birth between the two groups(all P<0.05).The satisfaction of the close relatives of neonates was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group(96.00%vs.84.00%,χ^(2)=4.00,P=0.045).All neonates with jaundice healed after multiple short-term blue light phototherapies and had no obvious adverse reactions.Conclusion Multiple colostrum feedings can greatly reduce the incidence of neonatal jaundice,improve the satisfaction of the close relatives of neonates,play a positive role in promoting maternal and infant health,and thereby are worthy of popularization.