重庆市涪陵区2010-2019年流行性感冒流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Fuling district of Chongqing of China in 2010-2019

目的了解2010-2019年重庆市涪陵区流行性感冒(简称流感)特征及其变化规律,为流感预控制提供科学依据。方法对2010-2019年重庆市涪陵区流感监测哨点医院报告的流感样病例(influenza-like illness,ILI)数据进行流行病学分析。结果2010-2019年,涪陵区报告ILI 42169例,平均就诊率为1.22%,高峰期在冬春季和夏季。0~<5岁组22788例,占50.4%。2010-2019年共送检ILI咽拭子8049份,核酸阳性率为14.52%,核酸检出阳性率最高的是甲型季H3型占比37.98%,其次是乙型BV型,占比30.80%,阳性检出率最高为1月份(26.34%),其次为11月份(24.85%)。结论重庆市涪陵区流感主要出现在冬春季和夏季,优势毒株是季H3型,幼儿及在校学生是流感高发人群。应继续加强流感毒株的监测工作,大力宣传和推广疫苗接种,加强对易感人群的监测和预防工作。

Objective To investigate the characteristics and change law of influenza in Fuling District of Chongqing in 2010-2019,and to provide a scientific basis for the pre-control of influenza.Methods We performed an epidemiological analysis on the data of influenza-like illness reported by Fuling District influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Chongqing in 2010-2019.Results In 2010-2019,a total of 42169 cases of influenza-like illness were reported in Fuling District,with an average treatment rate of 1.22%.The activity of influenza-like illness peaked in winter,spring,and summer.There were 22788 cases in the group of cases aged<5 years,accounting for 50.4%.In 2010-2019,a total of 8049 pharyngeal swabs were collected to screen for influenza-like illness,with a positive rate of 14.52%.Influenza virus A H3 positive rate was highest,accounting for 37.98%,followed by influenza virus B BV positive rate,accounting for 30.80%.The highest influenza virus-positive rate was reported in January(26.34%),followed by November(24.85%).Conclusion Influenza in the Fuling district of Chongqing mainly occurs in winter,spring,and summer.Influenza virus A H3 is the dominant strain.Children and school students are prone to develop influenza-like illnesses.We should continue to strengthen the monitoring of influenza strains,greatly promote vaccination,and strengthen the monitoring and prevention of influenza-like illness among susceptible populations.