新疆地区656例儿童颌面部创伤患者流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis of 656 pediatric patients with maxillofacial trauma in Xinjiang

目的:通过回顾性研究新疆地区656例儿童颌面部创伤患者的临床流行病学特征。方法:收集新疆地区2012年1月~2020年12月各地医院住院治疗的0~18岁儿童口腔颌面部创伤患者,对病例资料包括年龄、性别、创伤部位,病因、创伤季度、全身合并伤等进行回顾性分析。结果:656例患者平均年龄为(9.8±5.8)岁,男468例,女188例,男女比为2.5:1。其中428例为颌面部骨折患者,228例为软组织损伤。骨折好发年龄段为恒牙列组(13~18岁)占43%,最常见病因为交通伤占39%,最好发的季节为夏季占35%,最常见的骨折部位为颏部。结论:儿童颌面部创伤发病率与年龄、性别、创伤病因以及季节有关。恒牙列组患者骨折发病率最高,交通伤是最主要的创伤原因。

Objective:To analyze and discuss the epidemiological characteristics of 656 pediatric maxillofacial trauma patients in Xinjiang region.Methods:Patients(ranging from 0 to 18 years old)with oral and maxillofacial trauma in hospitals throughout Xinjiang from January 2012 to December 2020 were collected,and the basic information of each patient,including age,gender,trauma site,etiology,trauma quarter and systemic combined injury,was extracted from 9-year case data for retrospective analysis.Results:Among the 656 patients,the mean age was(9.8±5.8)years,468 were males and 188 were females with a male to female ratio of 2.5:1.Among them,428 were patients with maxillofacial fractures and 228 were soft tissue injuries.The age group with the highest incidence of fracture was the permanent dentition group(13~18 years old)accounting for 43%,the most common etiology was traffic injury accounting for 39%,the best season was summer accounting for 35%,and the most common fracture site was the chin.Conclusion:The incidence of maxillofacial trauma in children was related to age,gender,trauma etiology and season.The incidence of fracture was the highest in the permanent dentition group,and traffic injury was the main cause of trauma.