2019年河南省安阳市健康人群A群和C群流行性脑脊髓膜炎抗体水平监测

Surveillance on antibody levels of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis serogroup A and C in healthy population in Anyang,Henan province, 2019

目的 了解安阳市健康人群流行性脑脊髓膜炎(简称流脑)抗体水平,初步评价人群中流脑免疫状况,为完善相应的防控措施提供依据。方法 采取多阶段分层抽样方法,对2019年8至10月安阳市7个年龄组的健康人群进行现场调查、采样,用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清中A群、C群流脑抗体水平。结果 安阳市健康人群中A群流脑抗体阳性率27.88%,抗体浓度中位数为1.42 mg/L,C群流脑抗体阳性率85.45%,抗体浓度中位数为5.48 mg/L。在2岁及以下儿童中A群、C群抗体水平均为最低,而在20岁以上人群均为最高;女性A群、C群流脑抗体水平均高于男性(P<0.05);20岁以下人群中,有C群流脑疫苗接种史的人群抗体水平高于无接种史(或接种史不详)人群(P<0.05),而有、无A群流脑疫苗接种史人群中抗体水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 安阳市部分人群尤其是低年龄人群流脑抗体水平不高,需做好流脑疫苗基础免疫和加强免疫工作,以提高人群免疫力。

Objective To understand the antibody levels of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis(ECM) in healthy population in Anyang, and to evaluate the ECM immunity status in the population, so as to provide basis for making corresponding prevention and control measures. Methods A multistage stratified sampling method was adopted to investigate healthy people in 7 age groups in Anyang, from August to October,2019,and the antibody levels of ECM serogroup A and C were quantitatively detected by ELISA. Results The positive rate of ECM serogroup A antibody was 27.88%,and the median antibody concentration was 1.42 mg/L,the positive rate of ECM serogroup C antibody was 85.45%, and the median antibody concentration was 5.48 mg/L;the levels of ECM serogroup A and C antibodies were the lowest in children under 2 years old, and the highest in people over 20 years old. The levels of ECM serogroup A and C antibodies in females were higher than those in males(P<0.05).The antibody level of ECM serogroup C in population with vaccination history of serogroup C vaccine was higher than those with no vaccination history,or unknown vaccination history among people under 20 years old(P<0.05), however,there was no significant difference in antibody level of ECM serogroup A between groups with and without vaccination history of serogroup A vaccine(P<0.05).Conclusion The antibody level of ECM is not high in some people especially in younger age groups in Anyang. It is necessary to improve basic immunizations and strengthen immunization work of ECM vaccines in order to enhance population immunity.