铁离子对视网膜光损伤的毒性作用研究进展

Research progress of iron ions in retinal light damage

铁对维持视觉光转导过程有着重要作用。本文从铁的摄取、贮存、利用、输出等方面介绍视网膜铁代谢情况。但过度光照可导致视网膜铁代谢障碍,过量铁会导致有害的氧化应激。本文通过回顾近几年铁代谢紊乱与视网膜光损伤的最新研究进展发现,铁代谢蛋白表达异常引起的铁过载是光诱导视网膜变性的主要原因之一,铁过载与年龄相关性黄斑变性等视网膜疾病密切相关,去铁胺、去铁酮和地拉罗斯等铁螯合剂可以有效结合铁离子,维持细胞内铁代谢稳态,保护视网膜免受铁诱导的氧化损伤。本文从铁代谢角度丰富了视网膜光损伤疾病的病理机制内容,为视网膜光损伤的防护提供一新的选择和研究思路,并进一步指出铁螯合疗法对视网膜变性等眼科疾病的保护作用。

Iron plays an important role in maintaining the process of visual phototransduction.This paper introduces the iron metabolism in retina from iron uptake,storage,utilization and output.However,excessive light can lead to disorders of iron metabolism in the retina,and excessive iron can lead to harmful oxidative stress.By reviewing the latest research progress of iron metabolism disorder and retinal light damage in recent years.It is found that iron overload caused by abnormal expression of iron metabolic proteins is one of the main causes of light-induced retinal degeneration.Iron overload is closely related to retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration.Iron chelating agents such as deferoxamine,deferiprone and deferasirox can effectively bind iron ions,maintain intracellular iron metabolism homeostasis,and protect the retina from iron-induced oxidative damage.This article enriches the pathological mechanism of retinal light damage from the perspective of iron metabolism,provides a new choice and research idea for the protection,and points out the protective effect of iron chelation therapy on retinal degeneration and other ophthalmic diseases.