潜水器耐压壳结构选材应用综述

Review of materials selection and application of submersible pressure hull structure

潜水器耐压壳结构为人员和设备提供安全可靠的工作环境,决定潜水器的潜深和容重比等关键性能指标,是潜水器的核心部件。除传统金属合金外,一些具有高强、轻质性能的非金属材料,如纤维增强复合材料、陶瓷、玻璃等也展现出了巨大的应用前景,成为潜水器提高性能的可靠技术途径。在总结潜水器耐压结构选材应用的基础上,分析不同材料在力学性能、耐海洋环境性能等方面的优劣,为耐压壳结构材料的选择提供参考,并针对现阶段存在的问题展望了未来进一步研究的方向。

The pressure shell structure of submersible provides a safe and reliable working environment for personnel and equipment. It is the core component of submersible and determines the key performance indicators such as diving depth and the ratio of volume to weight. In addition to the traditional metal alloys, some non-metallic materials with high strength and lightweight properties, such as fiber reinforced composite materials, ceramics, glass, etc., have also shown great application prospects and become a reliable technical approach to improve the performance of submersibles. On the basis of summarizing the selection and application of various materials in pressure hulls of submersibles, the advantages and disadvantages of different materials in terms of mechanical properties and marine environment resistance are analyzed, providing a reference for the selection of materials, and prospecting the direction of further research in view of the existing problems at present.