精细化护理在NICU患儿中的应用效果

Application effect of fine nursing in NICU children

目的探讨精细化护理在新生儿重症监护室(NICU)患儿中的应用效果。方法选取2020年6月至12月NICU收治的86例患儿为研究对象,根据护理方法不同将其分为对照组和研究组,各43例。对照组采用常规护理,研究组采用精细化护理。比较两组患儿的血气指标[动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))]、意外脱管及呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)发生情况、机械通气时间、住院时间,以及两组患儿家属的护理满意度。结果护理前,两组患儿的PaCO_(2)、PaO_(2)、SaO_(2)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后,两组患儿的PaCO_(2)均降低,PaO_(2)、SaO_(2)均升高,且研究组优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患儿的意外脱管、VAP发生率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患儿的机械通气时间、住院时间短于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患儿家属的护理满意度高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论给予NICU患儿精细化护理,能有效改善其血气指标,减少意外脱管和VAP的发生,缩短机械通气时间与住院时间,同时可提高家属的护理满意度。

Objective To explore the application effect of fine nursing in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)children.Methods A total of 86 children treated in NICU from June to December 2020 were selected as the research objects.According to different nursing methods,the children were divided into control group and study group,with 43 cases in each group.The control group used routine nursing,and the study group used fine nursing.The blood gas indexes[arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO_(2)),arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO_(2)),arterial oxygen saturation(SaO_(2))],occurrence of accidental extubation and ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP),mechanical ventilation time,hospital stay and nursing satisfaction of family members in the two groups of children were compared.Results Before nursing,there were no significant differences in PaCO_(2),PaO_(2)and SaO_(2)between the two groups(P>0.05);after nursing,PaCO_(2)decreased and PaO_(2),SaO_(2)increased in the two groups,and those in the study group were better than the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidences of accidental extubation and VAP in the study group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The mechanical ventilation time and hospital stay in the study group were shorter than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction of family members in the study group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Fine nursing for NICU children can effectively improve their blood gas indexes,reduce the occurrence of accidental extubation and VAP,shorten the mechanical ventilation time and hospital stay,and improve the nursing satisfaction of family members.