纤维素纤维/天然胶乳海绵的制备及吸水性能的研究

Study on Preparation of Cellulose Fiber/Natural Latex Sponge and Water Absorption Properties

为探究纤维添加量对复合海绵材料形貌、压缩强度和吸水性能的影响,围绕着胶乳海绵复合化的要求,以天然胶乳(Natural Rubber Latex,NRL)作为承载基体,纤维素纤维(Cellulose Fiber,CF)作为补强填料,采用邓禄普工艺将纤维素纤维与天然胶乳结合,制备获得纤维素基天然橡胶(CF/NRL)复合海绵。结果表明,从微观、宏观结构可以发现,纤维素纤维的加入会致使胶乳海绵的泡孔变大,且其大部分存在于胶乳海绵的泡孔壁里。纤维素纤维的添加可以改善胶乳海绵的压缩强度,起到力学支撑作用;增加胶乳海绵的吸水基团,提高胶乳海绵的亲水性,改善其吸水性能。研究结果为在天然胶乳海绵中添加纤维制备复合海绵提供理论基础,为提高胶乳海绵的性能提供可行的方案。

In order to explore the effects of cellulose fibers amount on the morphology,compressive strength and water absorption of latex sponge composite,focusing on the requirements of latex sponge compounding,natural rubber latex(NRL)was used as the bearing matrix,cellulose fibers(CF)was used as the reinforcing filler,and the CF was combined with NRL by Dunlop process to prepare cellulose-based natural rubber(CF/NRL)sponge composite.Results showed that from the microscopic and macroscopic structure,the addition of CF made the cells of the latex sponge to become larger,and most of CF existed in the cell walls of the latex sponge composite.The addition of CF could improve the compressive strength of the latex sponge and act as the mechanical support role.Moreover,the addition of CF also could increase the water-absorbing groups and the hydrophilicity of the latex sponge,improve its water absorption performance.This work provides a theoretical basis for the preparation of sponge composites by adding fibers to natural rubber latex sponges,and provides a feasible solution to improve the performance of latex sponge composites.