黑眉苇莺存在对东方大苇莺巢材的盗窃行为

Black-browed Reed Warbler Exists Kleptoparasitism on Nest Materials of Oriental Reed Warbler

筑巢是大多数鸟类繁殖成功的必要条件,筑巢花费精力较少的鸟类可以将更多的时间投入到后期繁殖中。因此,对于筑巢繁殖的鸟类来说,如何快速有效地建筑一个巢尤为重要。然而,对雀形目鸟类快速和投机筑巢的行为报道较少。2021年6至8月,在黑龙江扎龙国家级自然保护区,通过录像对繁殖期东方大苇莺(Acrocephalus orientalis)和黑眉苇莺(A.bistrigiceps)的筑巢行为进行研究,记录到黑眉苇莺盗取东方大苇莺巢材料的行为。根据视频内容和现场观察,本研究初步描述了黑眉苇莺偷窃行为的全过程。最后,通过文献查阅,对报道过巢材盗窃行为的部分雀形目鸟类进行了统计。本文研究结果为进一步确定雀形目鸟类的巢材盗窃行为的流行程度提供了基础信息。

[Objectives]Nesting is a widespread activity of animals,where birds,mammals,reptiles,fish,and insects laying their eggs and/or raising offspring.For most nesting birds,how to build a nest quickly and efficiently is particularly important for their breeding success.It is shown that females who spending less energy on nesting could spend more time on hatching eggs and feeding their chicks.However,little is known about the speculative and speed of nesting behavior in passerine birds.For this reason,we made video observation on the nesting behavior of some passerine birds.[Methods]From June to August 2021,we studied the nesting behavior of Oriental Reed Warbler(Acrocephalus orientalis)and Black-browed Reed Warbler(A.bistrigiceps)in Zhalong National Nature Reserve,Heilongjiang Province.After finding a nest,we would arrange a video camera system about 1m away from the nest to monitor the nest 24 hours per day.The equipment consists of a miniature infrared camera(JWD dv-58g,JWD Inc.,Shenzhen,China)and a battery with a capacity of 20 Ah.[Results]We observed the nesting behavior of 57 nests of Oriental Reed Warbler and 15 nests of Black-browed Reed Warbler through videos,in which 4 cases of Black-browed Reed Warbler stealing the nest materials of Oriental Reed Warbler were recorded.In our study area,two species of reed warblers use similar materials to build nests,which creates the antecedent conditions for the occurrence of kleptoparasitism about nest materials(Fig.1).According to the video records and field observations,we preliminarily described the whole process of Black-browed Reed Warbler’s stealing behavior(Fig.2).[Conclusion]The behavior of Black-browed Reed Warbler stealing nest materials of Oriental Reed Warbler was recorded for the first time.At the same time,through literature review,we counted the kleptoparasitism of some reported passerine birds for the nest materials(Table 1).The results provide basic information for the study of this behavior and the prevalence of nest material theft of passerine birds.