耳鼻喉科预防性抗菌药物使用情况与合理用药建议

Use of prophylactic antibiotics and suggestions on rational drug use in otorhinolaryngology Department of a hospital

目的 针对耳鼻喉科预防性的抗菌药物的临床使用情况以及针对使用情况给予合理用药的建议。方法 选取我院耳鼻喉科2019年6月-2020年6月期间收治的80例进行耳鼻喉手术治疗的患者作为观察对象。回顾性分析80例患者的预防性抗菌药物的使用情况,主要内容包括抗菌药物的种类、抗菌药物使用的时间以及抗菌药物用药的合理情况。结果 80例患者中,使用抗菌药物进行治疗的有78例,占比为97.50%,其中抗菌药物的使用种类包括:青霉素、头孢呋辛、头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠、头孢他啶、其他等5种,其中占比和使用比例最高的是青霉素,占比为60.25%;通过统计抗菌药物使用时间情况,78例使用抗菌药物的患者中,术前0.5-2h占比最高为28.21%,术后>72h占比最低为5.13%;通过临床药学合理用药统计分析,头孢呋辛、头孢他啶使用合理性为100.00%,青霉素类使用合理性为96.30%,头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠使用合理性为90.00%,其他类使用合理性为75.00%。结论 耳鼻喉科室通过合理的预防性抗菌药物的管理,能够有效的减少不合理用药的发生,对提高用药安全,减少不良反应和耐药性以及降低院内感染的发生率具有重要意义。

Objective To analyze the clinical use of prophylactic antibiotics in otorhinolaryngology and give suggestions on rational drug use. Methods 80 patients who underwent otorhinolaryngology surgery in our hospital from June 2019 to June 2020 were selected as the observation objects. The use of prophylactic antibiotics in 80 patients was analyzed retrospectively It includes the types of antibiotics, the time of use of antibiotics and the reasonable use of antibiotics. Results Among the 80 patients, 78 cases were treated with antibiotics, accounting for 97.50%. The types of antibiotics included penicillin, cefuroxime, cefoperazone sodium, sulbactam sodium, ceftazidime and others.Penicillin accounted for 60.25%;According to the statistics of the use time of antibiotics, among the 78 patients who used antibiotics, the highest proportion of 0.5-2 h before operation was 28.21%, and the lowest proportion of > 72 h after operation was 5.13%;Through the statistical analysis of rational drug use in clinical pharmacy, the rationality of cefuroxime and ceftazidime was 100.00%, that of penicillin was 96.30%, that of cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium was 90.00%, and that of other types was 75.00%. Conclusion The ear, nose and throat department can effectively reduce the incidence of irrational drug use through reasonable management of preventive antibiotics, which is of great significance to improve drug safety, reduce adverse reactions and drug resistance, and reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection.