人工智能之于教育的未来图景:机器行为学视角

The Future Prospect of Artificial Intelligence in Education:From the Perspective of Machine Behavior

作为引领第四次工业革命的主力军之一,“人工智能+教育”是处于发展的制高点还是转型的关键期这一追问备受关注,人工智能由来已久的研究及数十年的发展进程为“人工智能+教育”领域铺垫了深厚的技术基础。人工智能教育的应用主要体现在教学技术工具、教学数据分析以及教学课程管理层面,同时又存在数据选择偏差、学生情感忽视、课堂主体错位等问题。时代萌发的人工智能领域与历史孕育的教育领域的交融,无疑是一场共生与碰撞的博弈。人工智能的重效率、成效的即时性、技术的割裂性、使用的同一性以及无情主义与教育的重效果、表征的后显性、发展的规律性、对象的差异性以及特有的人文主义形成明显反差。机器行为学为我们提供了全新的视角,开辟了机器的智化、自适应、共情性以及其联结性的研究方向,预见“人工智能+教育”发展的未来伟大图景:打造学习者个人数据库、提供引导性技术支持服务、更迭共生发挥人工智能教育更大效用、注重道德伦理发展不可离心。

As one of the main forces leading the fourth industrial revolution,the question of whether“Artificial intelligence+Education”is at the commanding height of development or the critical period of transformation has attracted much attention.The long-standing research and decades of development of artificial intelligence have laid a profound technical foundation for the field of“Artificial intelligence+Education”.The application of artificial intelligence education is mainly reflected in teaching technical tools,teaching data analysis and teaching curriculum management.At the same time,there are some problems,such as data selection deviation,students’emotional neglect,classroom subject dislocation and so on.The blending of the budding field of artificial intelligence and the educational field nurtured by history is undoubtedly a game of symbiosis and collision.There is an obvious contrast between the emphasis on efficiency,the immediacy of effectiveness,the fragmentation of technology,the identity of use,the emphasis on effect,the post-dominance of representation,the regularity of development,the difference of objects and the unique humanism of artificial intelligence.Machine behavior provides us with a new perspective and opens up the research direction of machine intelligence,self-adaptation,empathy and its connection.foresee the great picture of the development of“Artificial intelligence+Education”in the future:building learners’personal database,providing guiding technical support services,changing symbiosis to give full play to the greater effectiveness of artificial intelligence education,and paying attention to the development of morality and ethics.