心理状态与不同分型突发性聋的相关性及其影响因素分析

Correlation between Mental State and Subtypes of Sudden Deafness and Influencing Factors

目的 探讨心理状态与不同分型突发性聋的相关性及其影响因素。方法 采用一般情况问卷和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对确诊的456例不同分型的突聋患者进行心理状况评估,以中国常模作为对照组行对比研究。结果各型突聋组心理状态总均分均高于健康对照组,且组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),平坦型分值最高,低频下降型分值最低。人际关系敏感因子得分平坦型和全聋型高于健康组,焦虑、其他(饮食和睡眠障碍)因子得分各型均高于健康组,抑郁因子得分高频下降型、平坦型和全聋型高于健康组(P均<0.05),其余因子得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多元回归结果显示:文化程度、工作性质和性别依次为突聋患者心理状况的影响因素;初中及以下学历组人际关系敏感、焦虑、抑郁、其他(饮食和睡眠障碍)因子分均高于高中及以上组;脑力劳动者焦虑、抑郁、其他(饮食和睡眠)因子分均高于体力劳动者,躯体化因子分低于体力劳动者;女性焦虑、抑郁因子分高于男性(P均<0.05)。结论 不同分型突聋患者存在不同程度的心理障碍,有症状的心理因子在各型分布不同。低学历、脑力劳动者、女性依次对突聋心理状态有影响,建议临床对各型突聋患者进行心理状态评估,给予个体化的心理干预。

Objective To report correlation between mental state and different subtypes of sudden deafness, as well as influencing factors. Methods A total of 456 patients with sudden deafness of different subtypes were surveyed using a general questionnaire and the Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90), and compared to established norm for the Chinese population as the control. Results The average mental state score varied across different subtypes of sudden deafness and higher than that of the healthy control(P<0.05), involving interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, depression and other factors(such as diet and sleep disorders). Low education, white collar workers and female gender were influencing factors on the overall psychological status(P<0.05). Conclusion Patients with different subtypes of sudden deafness may experience different degrees of psychological obstacles. Low education, white collar workers and women appear to be negative influencing factors of the overall psychological status. Clinically, psychological status should be evaluated in sudden deafness patients for individualized psychological intervention.