植物幼苗玻璃化发生机制研究进展

Research Progress of Hyperhydricity Mechanism in Plant Seedling Growth

玻璃化是指植物生长过程中出现的类似水浸状的半透明化生理病变现象,常见于植物组织培养。玻璃化现象是限制组培技术发展和组培苗商业化生产的三大主要影响因素之一,但是玻璃化的发生机制至今尚不清楚。以组培材料为对象研究玻璃化机制受多种人为因素的干扰,而以非组织培养材料为研究对象,避免了人为因素的干扰,有助于从本质上揭示玻璃化发生的分子机制。该文综述了非组培苗因软木脂含量改变、表皮蜡质合成减少、细胞膜过氧化受损、离子或水分子跨膜运输受阻等导致植物玻璃化的机制,以期为最终揭示植物玻璃化机制提供参考。

Hyperhydricity(HH) or vitrification is a physiological disorder during plant growth, which shows a typical translucent phenotype like water-soaked that often occurs in the plant tissue culture. Vitrification is one of the three main influencing factors that limit the tissue culture technology and the commercialized production of seedlings during the plant tissue culture, but its molecular mechanism is still unclear by far. Using plantlets from the tissue culture as a research object often lead to an interference of man-made factors, which can be avoided by non-tissue culture material to reveal the molecular mechanism of vitrification in nature. This review summarized the recent progress of mechanism for inducing HH in non-tissue culture plants, including the abnormal deposit of suberin, the reduction of cuticular wax, the lipid peroxidation in cellular membranes and the disrupted transmembrane transport of ion or water, to provide new clues and thinking for hyperhydricity in plant seedling growth.