论商标权与企业名称权冲突的处理--以庆丰案为例

Analysis on Handling the Confl icts between Trademark Right and Enterprise Name Right--Taking the Qingfeng Case as an Example

我国存在大量商标权和企业名称权冲突的案件,此类案件中,冲突的认定标准会随着企业名称使用状态的变化而发生改变。以最高人民法院发布的公报案例庆丰案为例,从商标与企业名称的联系出发,经分析可知,商标权和企业名称权冲突产生的基础要素在于标识上的“结构相似”和“功能重叠”。目前,关于商标权与企业名称权冲突的处理可能会涉及《商标法》和《反不正当竞争法》的适用,具体的法律适用存在模糊。对庆丰案的裁判进行解构分析,有助于厘清该类案件的法律适用:“突出使用”企业名称与在先注册的商标冲突时,应当受到《商标法》与《反不正当竞争法》的双重调整;“合理使用”企业名称与在先注册的商标冲突时,单独适用《反不正当竞争法》。

There are a large number of cases of confl icts between trademark rights and enterprise name rights in China.In such cases,the identifi cation standard of confl icts will change with the change of the use state of enterprise name.Taking Qingfeng case,a bulletin issued by the Supreme People’s Court,as an example,starting from the connection between trademark and enterprise name,the analysis shows that the basic elements of the confl icts between trademark right and enterprise name right lie in the“similar structure”and“overlapping function”on the logo.At present,the handling of the confl icts between trademark right and enterprise name right may involve the application of Trademark Law and Anti-Unfair Competition Law,and the specifi c application of the law is unclear.Deconstructing the judgment of Qingfeng case is helpful to clarify the legal application of such cases:when the“special use”of enterprise name confl icts with the trademark registered earlier,it should be subject to the double adjustment of Trademark Law and Anti-Unfair Competition Law;when“fair use”of an enterprise name confl icts with a previously registered trademark,the Anti-Unfair Competition Law shall apply separately.