多维界面冲压空芯刨花板的保温隔热与隔声性能

Thermal and sound insulation properties of multidimensional-interface extruded tubular particleboards

采用多维界面冲压工艺制备不同厚度的空芯刨花板,在前期对其物理力学性能研究的基础上,再依据相关标准测试保温隔热与隔声性能,为其应用于木结构建筑墙体材料的前期研究提供更加全面、系统的数据参考与技术支持。结果表明:随着空芯刨花板厚度增大,其保温隔热性能增强,平均导热系数为0.131 W/(m·K),满足保温材料对导热系数[<0.233 W/(m·K)]的要求。厚度<40 mm的多维界面空芯刨花板的传热系数>2.2 W/(m^(2)·K),与一定厚度的烧结砖、混凝土墙、黏土砖砌体墙等保温性能相近。厚度为60 mm的超厚多维界面冲压空芯刨花板的传热系数可达1.6 W/(m^(2)·K),与一定厚度的多孔砖墙体、竹木复合墙体、传统空芯刨花板复合墙体保温性能相近,保温隔热性能优异;隔声量亦有提高,但存在隔低频声差、隔高频声好的特性。厚度<40 mm的多维界面空芯刨花板的计权隔声量小于30 dB,而60 mm厚多维界面冲压空芯刨花板的计权隔声量为34 dB,仅略低于一些木结构复合墙体的隔声量(计权隔声量约为39 dB),达到国家标准GB/T 50121—2005《建筑隔声评价标准》对4级隔声的要求(30~35 dB)。

The multidimensional interface extrusion process is used to prepare tubular particleboards of different thicknesses.These particleboards can be applied as wood structure building wall materials.Based on the early-stage research of their physical and mechanical properties,the thermal and sound insulation properties of the particleboards are examined according to relevant standards.The preliminary research provides more comprehensive and systematic data reference and technical support for wood structure designs.The results showed that,as the thickness of the tubular particleboard increases,the thermal insulation performance is enhanced,achieving an average thermal conductivity of 0.131 W/(m·K),which meets the thermal conductivity requirements of thermal insulation materials(< 0.233 W/(m·K)).The heat transfer coefficient of the multidimensional interface extruded tubular particleboard with a thickness of < 40 mm is > 2.2 W/(m^(2)·K),which is similar with the thermal insulation performance of sintered bricks,concrete walls,and clay brick masonry walls.The heat transfer coefficient of the ultra-thick multidimensional interface extruded tubular particleboard with a thickness of 60 mm can reach 1.6 W/(m^(2)·K),showing excellent thermal insulation performance.It can be similar to the thermal insulation performance of the porous brick walls,bamboo-wood composite walls,and traditional tubular particleboard composite walls.The sound insulation is also improved,achieving good characteristics of high-frequency sound insulation but still being poor for the low frequency sound insulation.The weighted sound insulation of multidimensional interface extruded tubular particleboard with a thickness of <40 mm is less than 30 dB,The sound insulation of 60 mm thick multidimensional interface extruded tubular particleboard is 34 dB,which meets the requirements of Level 4(30-35 dB) in the GB/T 50121-2005 “Building Sound Insulation Evaluation Standard” and is only slightly lower than the sound insulation of some wood-structure composite walls(weighted sound insulation is about 39 dB).In summary,it can be concluded that,when the thickness of the multidimensional interface extruded tubular particleboard reaches a certain level,its good thermal and sound insulation performance can be used alone in the wall of a wood structure building.It is expected that the performance of the proposed tubular particleboards will be further improved after the thickness is increased.