租售比失衡与租金调控矛盾:政策调控如何权衡--来自国内外的观察与思考

The Contradiction between the Imbalance of Rent-to-sale Ratio and Rent Regulation:How to Balance Policy Regulation--Observation and Reflection from Home and Abroad

党中央、国务院高度重视大城市住房问题,而大力发展租赁住房市场是解决大城市住房突出问题的重要举措。但当前我国住房租赁市场面临租售比失衡与租金调控矛盾,两者的相互作用,将在市场关系协调、金融资源配置和利益相关方行为等多层面产生影响。从实践情况来看,国内不同类型城市受现实基础和供求关系影响,住房租赁市场发展的核心诉求及政策导向存在一定差异,由此形成了差异化的租赁市场发展路径,发达国家基于成熟的市场和完善的制度,在经营运作、租金调控以及租售同权等方面成效显著,国内外探索实践为全国住房租赁市场协调发展提供了参考经验。未来住房租赁市场发展要遵循因城施策、分类调控的原则,在保障供给稳定、维持租赁企业可持续经营的前提下合理调节租金涨幅,但不宜实行租金管制。此外,还需尽快出台租售同权全国性规范,降低租、售权益差距,提升租住意愿,缓解租售比失衡问题。

The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the housing problem in big cities,and vigorously developing the rental housing market is an important measure to solve the prominent housing problem in big cities.At present,China's housing rental market is facing the contradiction between the im⁃balance of rent-to-sale ratio and rent regulation.The interaction between the two will have an impact on the coor⁃dination of market relations,the allocation of financial resources and the behavior of stakeholders.From the practi⁃cal situation,affected by the realistic basis and the relationship between supply and demand,there are certain dif⁃ferences in the core demands and policy guidance of the development of housing rental market in different types of cities in China,thus forming a differentiated development path of rental market.Based on mature markets and sound systems,developed countries have achieved remarkable results in business operation,rent regulation and the equal rights of rent and sale,which provide reference for the coordinated development of the national housing rental market in China.In the future,the development of the housing rental market should follow the principles of city-specific policies and classified regulation,and rationally adjust rent increases on the premise of ensuring sta⁃ble supply and maintaining the sustainable operation of leasing companies,meanwhile,the rent control should not be implemented.In addition,it is necessary to introduce a national norm for the equal rights of rent and sale as soon as possible to reduce the gap between rent and sell rights,increase the willingness to rent,and alleviate the imbalance of rent-to-sale ratio.