联合国教科文组织文献遗产政策及启示——基于“三步执行战略”方法论框架

UNESCO Documentary Heritage Policies and Its Enlightenments: Based on the Methodological Framework of “Three-Step Implementation Strategy”

[目的/意义]文献遗产政策对实践具有引导性与约束力,是推动实践良性发展的必备要素。对标国际文献遗产政策,及时对我国文献遗产工作做出正向调整至关重要。[方法/过程]主要采用政策文本分析方法,具体步骤为:首先引入UNESCO文化遗产工作方法论框架——"三步执行战略",通过审视UNESCO具有关键节点意义的文化遗产政策证明其合理性,并通过历史回顾梳理其内在的价值转向。其次,以此为参照,从"文献遗产的确认、保存、获取"3大方面对UNESCO文献遗产政策进行分析。最后,结合实际情况,得出对我国文献遗产工作的启示。[结果/结论]我国文献遗产工作可从以下几个方面予以改进和完善:摒弃孤立视角,关注多元联系;衔接国际原则,出台"本土化"政策;聚焦遗产名录,开展"反思性"研究;兼顾数字遗产,推动精准保护;跳出单一领域,整合多种力量。

[Purpose/significance]The policies of documentary heritage have guidance and binding force on practice,and are essential elements to promote the benign development of practice.It is very important to benchmark the international documentary heritage policies,and make positive adjustment to Chinese documentary heritage work in time.[Method/process]It mainly adopted the policy text analysis method.The specific steps were:Firstly,it introduced the methodology framework of UNESCO's cultural heritage work——"Three-step Implementation Strategy",proved its rationality by examining UNESCO's cultural heritage policies with key node significance,and combed its internal value turn through historical review.Secondly,taking this as a reference,it analyzed UNESCO's documentary heritage policies from the three aspects of"identification,preservation and access of documentary heritage".Finally,combined with the actual situation,it obtained the enlightenments to the documentary heritage work in China.[Result/conclusion]Based on the preamble research,it is suggested that China's documentary heritage work should be improved from the following aspects:to abandon the isolated perspective and pay attention to multiple connections;to link up international principles and introduce"localization"policies;to focus on the heritage list and carry out"reflective"research;to give consideration to digital heritage and promote accurate protection;to jump out of a single field and integrate multiple forces.