胸膜固定术治疗恶性胸腔积液的研究进展

Research progress on pleurodesis for the treatment of malignant pleural effusion

恶性胸腔积液(malignant pleural effusion,MPE)是癌症患者的一种常见并发症,预后普遍较差。随着全球癌症发病率的不断增高以及多数癌症患者预期寿命的延长,MPE的发病率和相关医疗费用呈现逐渐上升趋势。虽然针对MPE的姑息性治疗方案众多,但是其效果并不确切,MPE的临床管理仍存在较大挑战。胸膜固定术是MPE的主要治疗方式之一,可有效缓解积液相关症状,降低胸膜再次干预的风险。本文将从胸膜固定术治疗MPE的机制、硬化剂种类和硬化剂输注途径三个方面展开综述,为临床实践中开展更加有效、合理、个体化的MPE管理方案提供思路。

Malignant pleural effusion(MPE)is a common complication in cancer patients,and is associated with a poor prognosis.With increasing global cancer rates and prolonged life expectancy in most cancer patients,the incidence of MPE and its associated healthcare costs are expected to rise.Despite many palliative treatment programs for MPE,their effects are not definitive,and numerous challenges still exist in the clinical management of MPE.Pleurodesis,one of the main treatment methods for MPE,can effectively relieve the effusion-related symptoms and reduce the risk of repeat pleural interventions.In this article,we have reviewed the mechanism of pleurodesis in the treatment of MPE,the types of sclerosants,and methods of sclerosant delivery,to provide ideas for the development of an effective,reasonable,and personalized management strategy for patients with MPE in clinical practice.