21世纪西方学者关于原始积累持续性问题及其衍生问题的研究述评

Review on the Study about the Continuity of Primitive Accumulation and Its Derivative Issues by Western Scholars since the 21st Century

《资本论》中原始积累的持续性问题,即原始积累是一个历史过程还是资本主义的一个持续性过程,是西方学界多次争论且未有定论的一个问题。21世纪以来,随着资本对公共设施、社会福利等公共财产剥夺现象的愈发凸显,西方学界对马克思的原始积累概念产生了新的兴趣,原始积累的持续性问题以及由此衍生的关于原始积累与资本主义积累的区别、原始积累与资本“外部”的关系等问题也再次成为西方学者讨论的焦点。多数西方学者认同原始积累是资本主义的一个持续性过程;同时,他们认为原始积累和资本主义积累之间并无本质性区别,原始积累通过圈占资本“外部”来保障资本主义扩大再生产的条件。西方学者对原始积累的持续性问题及其衍生问题的多视角探讨为我国学界的相关研究带来了启发性思考,但其观点也因背离唯物史观而存在理论缺陷。

The issue on the continuity of primitive accumulation,that is,whether primitive accumulation is a pre-capitalist phenomenon or a continuous process of capitalism,has sparked many disputes but was inconclusive in Western academic circles.Since the 21st century,with the increasingly prominent dispossession of public assets such as public facilities and social welfare by capital,Western academic circles have developed new interest in Marx's concept of primitive accumulation,the theme on the continuity of primitive accumulation and its derivative issues such as the difference between primitive accumulation and capitalist accumulation,the relationship between primitive accumulation and the"outside"of capital,have once again become the debate focus among Western scholars.Most Western scholars agree that primitive accumulation is a continuous process of capitalism;at the same time,they argue that there is no essential difference between primitive accumulation and capitalist accumulation.Primitive accumulation ensures the conditions for capitalist expanded reproduction through the enclosure of capital's"outside".Western scholars'multi-perspective discussion about the issue on the continuity of primitive accumulation and its derivative issues have brought enlightening thoughts to the relevant research in China's academic circles,but their views also have theoretical defects due to their departure from Historical Materialism.