氮磷钾复合肥与促生菌Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1配施对太子参生理特性、生物量及品质的影响

Effects of Combined Application of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Compound Fertilizer and Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 on Physiological Characteristics, Biomass and Quality of Pseudostellaria heterophylla

以太子参品种‘三泓1号’为材料进行盆栽试验,设置CK(自来水)、T1(2.00g氮磷钾复合肥水溶液)、T2(3×10^(8)CFU/mL促生菌KTS-1-1菌悬液)、T3(0.25g氮磷钾复合肥+3×10^(8)CFU/mL促生菌KTS-1-1菌悬液)、T4(0.50g氮磷钾复合肥+3×10^(8)CFU/mL促生菌KTS-1-1菌悬液)和T5(1.00g氮磷钾复合肥+3×10^(8)CFU/mL促生菌KTS-1-1菌悬液)6个处理,探究不同比例的氮磷钾复合肥与促生菌KTS-1-1配施对太子参生理特性、生物量及品质的影响。结果表明,相比CK处理,T2、T3、T4处理均能显著改善叶片中营养元素含量和防御酶活性,提高植株生物量,增加块根多糖、氨基酸、钙和钴元素含量,尤以T4处理最为明显,与CK处理相比,叶片氮、磷、钾含量分别显著提高了82.14%、54.55%和94.16%;叶片超氧化物歧化酶、苯丙氨基酸解氨酶和过氧化物酶活性分别显著提高了50.20%、19.72%和40.24%;株高、平均叶面积、块根鲜重及块根干重分别显著提高了10.20%、28.05%、70.62%和54.95%;块根多糖、氨基酸及钙、钴元素含量分别显著提高了35.38%、68.14%、29.17%和21.56%。与T1处理相比,T4处理在叶片营养元素含量、叶片防御酶活性及块根生物量方面也有明显的促进作用。综上说明,T4处理为太子参生产中肥料使用的推荐方式。

In order to explore the effects of different ratios of NPK compound fertilizer combined with Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension on the physiological characteristics, biomass and quality of Pseudostellaria heterophylla, this study used P. heterophylla ‘Sanhong No.1’ as the material for pot experiment. The experiments including six treatments were designed as followings: CK(tap water), T1(2.00g NPK compound fertilizer tap water solution), T2(3×10^(8)CFU/mL Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension), T3(0.25g of NPK compound fertilizer+3×10^(8)CFU/mL Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension), T4(0.50g of NPK compound fertilizer+3×10^(8)CFU/mL Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension), T5(1.00g of NPK compound fertilizer+3×10^(8)CFU/mL Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension). The results showed that, compared with CK treatment, T2, T3, and T4treatments could significantly improve leaf nutrient element content and leaf defense enzyme activity, increase biomass and the contents of polysaccharide, amino acid, calcium and cobalt in roots, especially for T4 treatment being the most obvious one in the promoting effect. Compared with CK treatment, the contents of nitrogen,phosphorus, and potassium in leaves significantly increased by 82.14%, 54.55% and 94.16% respectively, the activities of SOD, PAL and POD in leaves by 50.20%, 19.72% and 40.24% respectively, plant height, average leaf area, fresh root weight, and dry root weight by 10.20%, 28.05%, 70.62% and 54.95%, respectively and the contents of polysaccharides, amino acids, calcium, and cobalt in tuber roots by 35.38%, 68.14%, 29.17% and 21.56%respectively were observed in T4 treatment. Additionally, compared with T1 treatment, T4 treatment also had the significant promoting effects on leaf nutrient element contents, leaf defense enzyme activities and root biomass. In summary, T4 was the recommended method of fertilizer application in the production of P. heterophylla.