中国混合所有制改革效应实证研究

An empirical study on effect of mixed ownership reform in China

为了解混合所有制改革现状,以中国工业中不同所有制类型的企业为样本,研究混合所有制改革效应。结合数据包络分析法(data envelopment analysis,DEA)和Malmquist指数从全要素生产率的角度分析不同所有制企业及其地区差异。研究结果表明,混合所有制企业的全要素生产率仅次于国有企业,东部、中部地区全要素生产率较高,西部地区较低,存在地区差异。在此基础上,运用脉冲响应曲线着重研究西部地区混合所有制投资与私营投资的挤入、挤出效应,结果显示混合所有制投资对私人投资产生了挤入影响。因此,提出以下建议:深化混合所有制改革,增加混合所有制改革试点的所有制企业类型,扩大地域范围,以形成规模协同效应;建立完善的公司法人治理结构,提高混合所有制企业综合实力和竞争力;协调东西部发展,加快开发开放步伐,为后续混合所有制改革的进一步推进奠定基础。

In order to understand the current situation of mixed ownership reform,the effect of mixed ownership reform was explored by taking different types of enterprises in China’s industry as samples.DEA-Malmquist index was used to analyze the differences of different ownership enterprises and their regional differences from the perspective of total factor productivity(TFP).The results indicate that the TFP of mixed ownership enterprises is next to that of state-owned enterprises.The TFP index of Eastern China and Central China is relatively higher,while that of Western China is lower.On this basis,the impulse response curve was used to study the crowding-in and crowding-out effect of mixed ownership investment and private investment in Western China.The results show that mixed ownership investment has crowding-in effect on private investment.Hence,the following suggestions are put forward:to deepen the mixed ownership reform,increase the types of ownership enterprises in the pilot reform of mixed ownership,expand the regional scope,and form the scale synergy effect;to establish a perfect corporate governance structure and improve the comprehensive strength and competitiveness of mixed ownership enterprises;to coordinate the development of Eastern China and Western China,and speed up the pace of development and opening up,and pave a foundation for promotion of the follow-up reform of mixed ownership.