小河沿文化陶豆研究

Research on Pottery Dou of Xiaoheyan Culture

陶豆是小河沿文化的基本器物之一,但并不是辽西地区本土考古学文化的产物,而是来源于海岱地区的大汶口文化。通过对小河沿文化陶豆与大汶口文化陶豆形态演变的比较,认为小河沿文化陶豆与大汶口文化陶豆的发展趋势相近,但也有其自身特点。小河沿文化陶豆主要出土于墓葬,数量仅次于筒形罐,摆放位置讲究,涉及多种葬俗,应该是祭祀用的祭器。在红山文化的祭祀遗存中也发现有作为祭祀用具的陶豆,可能是辽西地区使用陶豆的源头。小河沿文化与燕山以南同时期考古学文化一直保持着密切的联系,陶豆可能是以豫北冀南地区的大司空文化为纽带,从海岱地区传播到燕山以南,最后进入辽西地区的。

Pottery Dou is one of the basic artifacts of the Xiaoheyan Culture. It comes from the Dawenkou Culture in the Haidai area, rather than the local archaeological cultural products in western Liaoning. By comparing the evolution of Pottery Dou of Xiaoheyan Culture and Dawenkou Culture, it is believed that their development trend is similar. However, Pottery Dou of Xiaoheyan Culture also has some own characteristics. In addition to, Pottery Dou of the Xiaoheyan Culture are mainly found in tombs, from the placement point of view, it should be a sacrificial utensil. Pottery Dou as sacrificial utensil have also been found in the sacrificial remains of the Hongshan Culture, which may be the origin of the use of Pottery Dou in western Liaoning. Pottery Dou passed from the Haidai area through the Dasikong Culture in the northern Henan and southern Hebei areas,spread to the south of Yanshan, and finally entered the western Liaoning area.