喷气燃料加氢催化剂及工艺技术研究进展

Development of jet fuel hydrogenation catalyst and process technology

介绍了喷气燃料加氢装置运行过程中出现的问题,综述了喷气燃料加氢催化剂和加氢工艺技术的研究进展,并分析了未来喷气燃料加氢技术的发展方向。喷气燃料加氢催化剂主要有3种类型,分别是Mo-Co型、Mo-Ni型和W-Mo-Ni型。Mo-Co型催化剂具有直接脱硫活性高的特点,适用于氮含量低的喷气燃料原料加氢过程;Mo-Ni型和W-Mo-Ni型催化剂具有加氢活性高的特点,适用于氮含量高的喷气燃料加氢过程。喷气燃料加氢的工艺过程主要有滴流床加氢、液相加氢和纤维膜技术,滴流床加氢工艺的能耗大、氢油比大,液相加氢技术具有能耗低、投资少等优点,越来越多的喷气燃料加氢装置采用液相加氢工艺。未来,喷气燃料加氢装置需要实现灵活生产喷气燃料产品和柴油调合组分,来满足市场需求的变化,这对加氢催化剂和工艺技术提出了新的要求。

The problems in the operation of jet fuel hydrogenation unit are introduced.The research progress of hydrogenation catalyst and hydrogenation process are comprehensively discussed.Meanwhile,the development direction of jet fuel hydrogenation technology in the future is also analyzed.There are three main types of jet fuel hydrogenation catalysts:Mo-Co type,Mo-Ni type and W-Mo-Ni type.Mo-Co catalyst has high DDS activity and is suitable for the hydrogenation process of jet fuel feedstock with low nitrogen content.Mo-Ni and W-Mo-Ni catalysts have high hydrogenation activity and are suitable for the hydrogenation process of jet fuel feedstock with high nitrogen content.The processes of jet fuel hydrogenation mainly include trickle bed hydrogenation,liquid phase hydrogenation(SRH)and fiber-film technology.Trickle bed hydrogenation process has high energy consumption and high hydrogen-to-oil ratio.Due to the advantages of low energy consumption and less investment of the liquid phase hydrogenation technology,more and more jet fuel hydrogenation units are using it.In the future,jet fuel hydrogenation unit needs to flexibly produce jet fuel products and diesel blending components to meet the changes of market demand,which puts forward new requirements for hydrogenation catalyst and process technology.