民间-庙堂-民间:妈祖阐释与妈祖信仰的螺旋式上升结构

Folk-Temple-Folk:The Spiral Rising Structure of Mazu Interpretation and Mazu Belief

妈祖信仰的形成和扩展,是一个由小及大、由弱变强的过程。在此过程中,民间口头的传说和朝廷(政府)命官上奏时所使用的讲故事的叙事修辞,乃至行政当局在被这些叙事说服之后所颁布的推广妈祖信仰的命令,都对妈祖信仰的产生和发展起到了良好的促成作用。官方、民间推动妈祖信仰大规模发展的合力,使妈祖信仰得以螺旋式地发展。妈祖信仰因民间与官方的差异化合力叙事,或者说是民间与庙堂合力的妈祖阐释而形成了一个妈祖信仰建构的曲线模型,可以称之为“螺旋式上升模型”(简称“妈祖螺旋”)。“妈祖螺旋”叙事轨迹上近似于“格雷马斯方阵”,但模型结构又有较大差异。“妈祖螺旋”是不断地肯定(双重否定),是在肯定基础上的细节否定之否定,这种模型曲线显示为由民间到官方再到民间的妈祖阐释与妈祖信仰的螺旋式上升结构,此种接近闭环的曲线更接近于DNA双螺旋结构模型。

The formation and expansion of Mazu belief is a process from small to large,from weak to strong.In this process,the folk oral legends,the narrative rhetoric of telling stories used by the imperial court(government)officials,and even the orders issued by the administrative authorities to promote Mazu belief after being persuaded by these narratives have played a good role in promoting the emergence and development of Mazu belief.The joint efforts of the government and the people to promote the large-scale development of Mazu belief have led to the spiral development of Mazu belief Mazu belief has formed a curve model of Mazu belief construction due to the differential nanative of folk and official forces,or the Mazu interpretation of folk and temple forces,which can be called"spiral rising model"(hereinafter referred to as"Mazu spiral").The narrative track of"Mazu spiral"is similar to"graymas square",but the model structure is quite diflferent."Mazu spiral"is a continuous afiQnnation(double negation),which is the negation of detailed negation on the basis of affirmation.This model curve shows the spiral rising structure of Mazu interpretation and Mazu belief from folk to official and then back to folk.This close closed-loop curve is closer to the DNA double helix structure model.