极低出生体质量早产儿血清维生素A水平及其相关因素研究

Clinical study of serum vitamin A level and its related factors in very low birth weight preterm infants

目的探讨极低出生体质量(VLBW)早产儿血清维生素A水平及其相关因素。方法选取2017年1月—2021年1月在承德医学院附属沧州市人民医院新生儿科住院的146例VLBW早产儿(出生体质量<1500 g、胎龄<32周)为研究对象,均于出生后24 h内检测血清维生素A水平。VLBW早产儿血清维生素A水平的影响因素分析采用二元多因素Logistic回归分析。结果本组VLBW早产儿血清维生素A水平为0.14(0.10,0.18)mg/L,其中血清维生素A正常21例(14.38%)、血清维生素A缺乏96例(65.75%)、血清维生素A严重缺乏29例(19.86%),血清维生素A总缺乏率为85.62%。二元多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,早发感染和新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征是VLBW早产儿血清维生素A缺乏的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论VLBW早产儿维生素A处于普遍缺乏状态,早发感染和新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征是VLBW早产儿血清维生素A缺乏的危险因素,提示临床应注重对VLBW早产儿补充维生素A。

Objective To investigate the serum vitamin A level and its related factors in very low birth weight(VLBW)preterm infants.Methods A total of 146 VLBW premature infants(birth weight<1500 g,gestational age<32 weeks)hospitalized in the Department of Neonatology of Cangzhou People′s Hospital Affiliated to Chengde Medical College from January 2017 to January 2021 were selected as the research objects.The serum vitamin A level was detected within24 hours after birth.The influencing factors of serum vitamin A level in VLBW preterm infants were analyzed by binary multivariate Logistic regression anglysis.Results The serum vitamin A level of VLBW premature infants was 0.14(0.10,0.18)mg/L,including 21 cases of normal serum vitamin A(14.38%),96 cases of serum vitamin A deficiency(65.75%),29 cases of severe serum vitamin A deficiency(19.86%),and the total deficiency rate of serum vitamin A was 85.62%.Binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that early onset infection and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome were the risk factors of serum vitamin A deficiency in VLBW preterm infants(P<0.05).Conclusion Vitamin A deficiency is common in VLBW preterm infants.Early onset infection and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome are the risk factors of serum vitamin A deficiency in VLBW preterm infants,suggesting that clinical attention should be paid to vitamin A supplementation in VLBW preterm infants.