超声及X线在不同年龄段乳腺癌筛查中的应用价值

Application value of ultrasound and X-ray in breast cancer screening in different age groups

目的探讨对于不同年龄段的妇女超声检查及X线检查在乳腺癌筛查中的应用价值。方法收集2020年1月至2021年12月于北京市密云区妇幼保健院行乳腺超声及X线检查并能追踪到病理结果的122例妇女,根据年龄分为两组,低年龄组35~49岁,共48例;高年龄组50~64岁,共74例。以病理结果为诊断金标准,根据检查结果绘制ROC曲线,计算曲线下面积(AUC),分别评价每组患者超声、X线以及超声联合X线的诊断性能。结果低年龄组的超声、X线及超声联合X线的AUC值分别为0.861、0.711、0.894,超声大于X线,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高年龄组的超声、X线及超声联合X线的AUC值分别为0.774、0.867、0.876,X线大于超声,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于乳腺癌的筛查方式,年轻女性超声效果好,可优先使用超声;年长女性X线效果好,可优先使用X线;必要时可使用超声联合X线,医生及患者可根据年龄及具体情况选择相应的检查手段。

Objective To explore the application value of ultrasound and X-ray in breast cancer screening for women of different ages.Methods A total of 122 women who underwent breast ultrasound and X-ray examinations in Beijing Miyun District Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were selected and were able to track the pathological results were collected.They were divided into two groups according to age.The younger age group was 35-49 years old,a total of 48 cases;the older age group was 50-64 years old,a total of 74 cases.Pathological results were used as the diagnostic gold standard,ROC curves were drawn according to the examination results,and the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated.Results The AUC values of ultrasound,X-ray and ultrasound combined with X-ray in the younger age group were 0.861,0.711,and 0.894,respectively,ultrasound was greater than X-ray,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The AUC values of ultrasound,X-ray and ultrasound combined with X-ray in the older age group were 0.774,0.867,and 0.876,respectively,X-ray was greater than ultrasound,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion For breast cancer screening methods,young women with better ultrasound results can be given priority to use ultrasound;older women with better X-ray results can be given priority to use X-ray.If necessary,ultrasound combined with X-ray can be used.Doctors and patients can select the appropriate inspection method according to the situation.