适宜温控菇房的双孢蘑菇菌株筛选

Screening of Agaricus bisporus Strains Suitable for Cultivation in Temperature-controlled Mushroom Houses

引进9个双孢蘑菇新品种,在温控菇房中对其进行品比试验,综合比较菌丝长势、产量、菇质等,以期筛选出适宜在温控菇房栽培的新品种。结果显示,在温控菇房中各菌株表现存在较大差异。HK和褔蘑52走菌速度相对最快,褔蘑52、褔蘑58和HK原基形成速度最快,褔蘑52、褔蘑58、HK、A15抗褐变能力好,HK、W192、褔蘑38和褔蘑52的菇质相对最好。三潮次菇单产最高的是HK,为(18.94±0.806 2) kg/m^(2),其次是W192,为(17.13±0.520 8) kg/m^(2),第三是A15,为(16.32±2.186 9) kg/m^(2)。选择HK进行示范栽培,结果表明,HK出菇比对照W192早2 d,出菇均匀、丛生菇少,子实体洁白,鳞片少,菌盖厚、抗褐变能力强于对照,鲜菇质量的综合性状优于对照W192,平均鲜菇产量23.3 kg/m^(2),较对照增产8.1%。双孢蘑菇新菌株HK可以在温控菇房进一步示范推广。

Nine new strains of button mushroom(Agaricus bisporus) were introduced for comparison trials under a temperature-controlled mushroom house, and their mycelial growth, yield, mushroom quality were compared comprehensively in order to screen out new varieties suitable for cultivation in the temperature-controlled mushroom house. The results showed that there were significant differences in performance among the 9 strains under the temperature-controlled mushroom house. The mushroom of the button mushroom strains HK and Fumo 52 matured relatively faster;Fumo 52, Fumo 58 and HK generated primordia the fastest;Fumo 52, Fumo 52, Fumo 58, HK and A15 had a good browning resistance;HK, W192, Fumo 38 and Fumo 52 had the best mushroom quality. HK produced the highest mushroom yield over three flushes,(18.94±0.806 2) kg·m^(-2),followed by W192(17.13±0.520 8) kg·m^(-2) and A15(16.32±2.186 9) kg·m^(-2). HK was selected for demonstration cultivation.The results showed that HK fruited 2 days earlier than the control W192, with uniform fruiting, fewer clusters and white fruiting bodies, fewer scales, thicker caps, stronger browning resistance and higher comprehensive mushroom quality properties than the control. HK produced an average fresh mushroom yield of 23.3 kg·m^(-2), which was 8.1% higher than that of the control. HK, the new strain of A. bisporus, can be further demonstrated and released for extension in temperature-controlled mushroom houses.