Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4)微胶囊化的制备及其性能

Preparation of Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4) Microencapsulation and Its Property

为了提高锆/四氧化三铅(Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4))混合药剂的混合均匀性和工艺安全性,以海藻酸钠(SA)为微胶囊黏合剂,通过液相连续流混合,在水相中利用SA与Ca^(2+)交联生成海藻酸钙(CA)凝胶,制备了CA/Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4)微胶囊。对CA/Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4)微胶囊和传统工艺制备的NC/Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4)颗粒进行形貌、粒度、球形度、流散性以及假密度等表征,表明CA/Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4)微胶囊平均粒径为517.10μm,方差为44.21μm,球形度为0.90,安息角为27.44°,粒径均一,球形度良好,流散性好。对CA/Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4)微胶囊进行火焰感度、燃速、火焰长度以及感度测试,表明CA/Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4)微胶囊火焰感度为65.38 mm,低于Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4)粉末的81.83 mm,火焰感度有所下降;CA/Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4)微胶囊燃速偏差为6.86,远低于Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4)粉末的燃速偏差12.04,燃烧一致性好;CA/Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4)微胶囊的火焰长度比Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4)火焰长17.1 mm,粒子更多;CA/Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4)微胶囊的静电感度大于156.25 mJ,远大于Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4)粉末的0.71 mJ,静电感度有所降低,两者撞击感度都大于100 J,摩擦感度都大于360 N。制备工艺在水相中进行,安全性高且方法具有普适性,适用于多种火工药剂。

The mixing uniformity and processing safety of widely used zirconium/lead tetroxide(Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4))composites are indis⁃pensable.In the current paper,a Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4) microcapsule bonded with the adhesive alginate was prepared by crosslinking the liq⁃uid phase with sodium alginate(SA)and Ca^(2+) in aqueous phase to form calcium alginate(CA)gel.The morphology,particle size,sphericity,fluidity and apparent density of CA/Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4) microcapsules and the traditional⁃made NC/Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4) controlled sample were evaluated.The average particle size,variance,sphericity and repose angle of CA/Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4) microcapsules is mea⁃sured to 517.10μm,44.21μm,0.90,and 27.44°,respectively.The flame sensitivity,burning rate,flame length and sensitivity of CA/Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4) microcapsules were tested to 65.38 mm,which was lower than that of Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4) powder(81.83 mm).Besides,the combustion rate deviation of CA/Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4) microcapsules and Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4) powder is 6.86 and 12.04,respectively,implying an excellent combustion consistency.Furthermore,much more flame length of 17.1 mm and burning particles than Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4) were obtained in of CA/Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4) microcapsules.In addition,a reduced the electrostatic sensitivity of CA/Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4) microcapsules(156.25 mJ)and Zr/Pb_(3)O_(4) powder(0.71 mJ)were realized.More importantly,the water⁃phase preparation carried out in the current paper may pave a high⁃safety and universal way for a variety of pyrotechnic agents.