兰州市典型地区空气可吸入颗粒物中重金属污染水平及健康风险精细化评估

Fine assessment of heavy metal pollution levels and health risks in inhalable particulate matter in typical areas of Lanzhou city

为了解兰州市不同地区、不同季节居民室内外空气可吸入颗粒物(PM_(10))中重金属的污染水平及其对人体的健康风险,本研究分别于采暖季和非采暖季在兰州市城关区和榆中县设置多个采样点,采集室内外大气PM_(10)样品,利用ICP/MS分析其中Cd、As、Ni、Pb、Zn、Cu和V的含量,采用健康风险评价模型计算了居民对几种重金属经呼吸暴露的健康风险。结果表明,室内空气和室外空气中重金属污染水平差异无统计学意义,而不同采样地区(城市和农村)和采样季节(采暖季和非采暖季)的重金属浓度的差异有统计学意义。城镇和农村大气PM_(10)中重金属经呼吸暴露的非致癌的风险均处于可接受水平以内,As和Ni存在潜在致癌风险。

In order to understand the pollution level of heavy metals in indoor and outdoor PM_(10) and its health risk to human body in different seasons of residents in different areas of Lanzhou city,this study set up multiple sampling sites in Chengguan District and Yuzhong County of Lanzhou city in heating season and non-heating season respectively,and collected indoor and outdoor PM_(10) samples.The contents of Cd,As,Ni,Pb,Zn,Cu and V were analyzed by ICP/MS,and the health risk assessment model was used to calculate the health risk of residents respiratory exposure to several heavy metals.The results showed that there was no significant difference in heavy metal pollution levels between indoor and outdoor air,while there were significant differences in heavy metal concentrations between different sampling regions(urban and rural)and sampling seasons(heating season and non-heating season).The non-carcinogenic risk of respiratory exposure to heavy metals in PM_(10) in urban and rural atmosphere is within acceptable level,and As and Ni have potential carcinogenic risk.