施用生物炭对菜地土壤氮素损失影响的模拟

Simulation on the effect of adding biochar on soil nitrogen loss in vegetable field

为了探究施用生物炭对节肥稳产及减少种植过程氮损失的作用,应用DNDC模型对施用生物炭并减少施肥量条件下的山东金乡大蒜/辣椒套作模式进行了作物产量及氮损失的模拟,并对影响作物产量和氮损失的因素进行参数敏感性分析.结果发现:DNDC模型能较准确地模拟出施用生物炭并减少施肥量后的作物产量,表明DNDC模型在模拟施用生物炭方面具有一定的可行性,产量模拟误差在17%以内;施肥量、土壤本底有机碳含量、土壤pH值等是影响作物产量及种植过程氮损失的重要因素;施用生物炭处理在减少10%以上氮磷投入的情况下,具有较好的稳产效果;施用生物炭并减少施肥量使菜地氮损失有效降低了33.88%,其中占氮损失总量97%以上的NH3挥发损失降低了33.92%.

To explore the effect of biochar on stabilizing yield,saving fertilizer and reducing nitrogen loss in planting process,the DNDC model was used to simulate crop yield and nitrogen loss of garlic/pepper cropping pattern with adding biochar and reducing the amount of fertilizer in Jinxiang of Shandong province.Parameter sensitivity analysis was performed on the factors affecting crop yield and nitrogen loss.The results showed that the DNDC model could accurately simulate the crop yield after adding biochar and reducing the amount of fertilizer,indicating that the DNDC model was feasible to simulate the adding of biochar,and the simulation error of yield was within 17%.Fertilizer application,soil background SOC and soil pH were important factors affecting crop yield and nitrogen loss during planting;the treatment of adding biochar and reducing the input of nitrogen and phosphorus by more than 10%had a good effect on stabilizing yield;the adding biochar and reducing the amount of fertilizer effectively reduced the nitrogen loss of vegetable land by 33.88%,and the NH3 volatilization loss accounting for more than 97%of the total nitrogen loss was reduced by 33.92%.