公共政策中社会排斥的产生根源及其防范对策

The Origin of Social Exclusion in Public Policy and Its Countermeasures

目前,在公共领域中存在着许多社会排斥现象,其中因公共政策而产生的社会排斥占据一定的比例。公共政策在分配社会资源的过程中,由于受到主体目标问题选择出现矛盾、主体权利安排不当,以及责任缺失的主观因素和政策资源、环境的客观因素影响,导致分配社会资源出现不均衡、不公平现象。因此,基于“能力剥夺”理论,对社会排斥现象的产生根源进行分析,并分别从公共政策、制度体系、经济、教育引导等不同角度提出相关对策。

At present,there are many phenomena of social exclusion in the public sphere,and social exclusion due to public policies accounts for a certain proportion.In the process of distributing social resources,public policies are affected by subjective factors such as contradictions in the subject’s objective choice,improper arrangement of subject rights,and lack of responsibilities,as well as objective factors of policy resources and the environment,resulting in unbalanced and unfair distribution of social resources.Therefore,based on the“capacity deprivation”theory,the root causes of social exclusion are analyzed.Relevant countermeasures have been proposed from different perspectives such as public policy,institutional system,economy,and education guidance.