铜污泥基中空纤维尖晶石膜的制备及油水分离性能

Preparation and separation performance of hollow fiber spinel membrane based on copper-containing sludge for oily wastewater

含油废水排放引起的生态环境问题日益显著。因此,本文以实际含铜污泥与氧化铁(Fe_(2)O_(3))混合,采用干/湿纺丝技术结合高温热转化法制备得到尖晶石CuFe_(2)O_(4)中空纤维膜,在实现含油废水高效处理的同时,也对含铜污泥进行高效回收。结果表明,在1000℃条件下,铜离子稳定在尖晶石相中,制备的CuFe_(2)O_(4)膜具有高的水渗透性(320 0L/(m^(2)·h·MPa)),超亲水-水下超疏油性质(水下油接触角为156°)。该膜对水包油(O/W)乳化液的的截留率达99.69%,水渗透率稳定在177 L/(m^(2)·h·MPa),表明了其优异的分离性能。将制备的CuFe_(2)O_(4)膜用于实际含油废水分离,渗透通量可达33 L/(m^(2)·h·MPa),油的截留率也可达到96.46%。这表明以尖晶石相稳定铜离子的机制,将含铜污泥转化为CuFe_(2)O_(4)膜,并最终应用于含油废水的分离,契合了“以废治废”的环保理念。

The ecological and environmental problems caused by the discharge of oily wastewaters have increasingly attracted wide attentions. The CuFe_(2)O_(4) hollow fiber membranes were prepared from actual heavy metal sludge and Fe;O;via dry/wet spinning technology combined with high temperature thermal conversion methods. Also, the separation performance of CuFe_(2)O_(4) for oil-in-water(O/W) emulsions was investigated. Result showed that the copper ions were stabilized by CuFe_(2)O_(4) phase at certain sintering temperatures. The superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic CuFe_(2)O_(4) spinel membranes were obtained with good permeability at 1 000 ℃. Stabilized permeability of 1 770 L/(m^(2)·h·MPa) were obtained with high oil rejection of 99.69%, demonstrating the excellent separation performance for O/W emulsion. In addition, the efficient separation of actual oily wastewater was also obtained via CuFe_(2)O_(4) membranes. This copper ions-stabilized mechanism via the spinel phase that converted the copper-containing sludge into CuFe_(2)O_(4) membrane was finally applied to the oily wastewater separation, achieving the environmental concept of “treating waste of waste”.