基于5E康复模式的护理干预对预防下肢骨折患者下肢深静脉血栓形成的应用效果分析

Application of 5E Rehabilitation Model-based Nursing in Preventing Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis in Pa-tients with Lower Extremity Fractures

目的:探讨基于5E康复模式的护理干预对预防下肢骨折患者下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)形成的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2016年6月—2019年6月于郑州市骨科医院治疗的80例下肢骨折患者的临床资料,随机分为观察组(n=44)与对照组(n=36),对照组采用常规护理,观察组患者接受5E康复模式护理。记录两组患者下肢DVT、疼痛及肿胀发生率差异;比较两组患者肢体活动功能(Lysholm)评分标准、证候积分及生活质量水平变化。结果:观察组下肢DVT发生率、疼痛发生率及肿胀发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.851、4.789、4.402,P<0.05)。干预后,两组患者Lysholm评分均高于干预前,且观察组较对照组评分升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者证候积分较干预前降低,且观察组较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者生活质量水平高于干预前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于5E康复模式的护理干预能有效预防下肢骨折患者发生DVT发生率,缓解患者临床症状并强化其下肢运动功能,提高生活质量。

Objective:To explore the application effect of nursing based on the 5E rehabilitation model in preventing the formation of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with lower limb fractures.Methods:A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of80 patients with lower limb fractures treated in the hospital from June 2016 to June 2019 were selected and randomly divided into observation group (n=44) and control group (n=36). The control group received routine nursing, while the observation group received 5E rehabilitation model nursing. The differences in the incidence of lower extremity DVT, pain and swelling between the two groups were recorded. The physical activity function (Lysholm) scoring standard, syndrome score and quality of life were compared between the two groups.Results:The incidence of lower extremity DVT, pain and swelling in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant difference (χ^(2)=3.851, 4.789, 4.402, P<0.05). After the intervention the Lysholm scores in the two groups were higher than those before the intervention, and the scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The syndrome scores of the two groups were lower than those before the intervention, and the observation group was lower than the control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The quality of life in the two groups was higher than that before the intervention, and the observation group was higher than the control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05).Conclusion:Nursing based on the 5E rehabilitation model can effectively prevent the incidence of DVT in patients with lower extremity fractures, relieve the clinical symptoms of patients, strengthen their lower extremity motor function, and improve their quality of life.