哈尼梯田文化景观及其保护研究

A study on the cultural landscape of Hani's terrace and its protection

文化景观及其保护是当前的研究热点之一。本文对景观概念及其研究的演变 ,以及文化景观及其主要研究内容与进展进行了总结 ,并具体探讨了地处云南南部亚热带山地的哈尼梯田文化景观的概念、特征、结构和功能及其保护措施。

The concepts of landscape are diverse. Cultural landscape is the evidence of landuse history and relics can be seen as a living model of sustainable landuse and can provide human beings more chances to enjoy scenery,happiness as well as natural and cultural diversities. It is also the last reserve of biodiversity and the buffer zone of absolutely protected area. Thus, more attention has been paid to the protection of landscape. The Yuanyang Terrace,famous for its large area, wide distribution, astonishing architecture,uniqueness in China and rarity in the world, was designated as the core area of the cultural landscape of Hani terraces by the government of Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province, China. The terraces were the physical basis of Hani peoples' life and the symbolization of Hani peoples' spirit. And the cultural landscape of Hani terraces was the model of sustainable landuse and harmonious human ecosystem between culture and nature. In this paper, we selected Malizhai administrative village located in Shengcun Township of Yuanyang County as a study area.Using semi-directive interview and field survey mothods,we analysed the characteristics,spatial structure and functions of Hani terraces and concluded that the Hani terraces have antiquity,uniqueness,sustainability and aesthetic values. The vertical structure of the distribution of forest,village and terraces along with altitude can benefit both environment and Hani terraces. Finally we put forward corresponding conservation strategies of the cultural landscape of Hani terraces in light with the risky situation of facing landslides,collapse,etc.