基于GNSS的滑坡监测预警技术应用——以宝塔区二庄科滑坡为例

Application of Landslide Monitoring and Early Warning Technology Based on GNSS——Taking Erzhuangke Landslide in Baota District as An Example

GNSS自动监测站通过卫星自动定位技术可获取目标点的水平和垂直方向的位移变化情况,将其应用于滑坡监测预警中,可掌握滑坡三维方向上的位移变化,为实现地质灾害防向“灾前预防”转变,众多科研学者将GNSS技术引入到地质灾害监测预警中。以延安市宝塔区二庄科为例,根据滑坡变形特征在滑坡变形重点部位部署了7个GNSS监测站,组成滑坡自动化监测网,通过5G网络能实现监测点三维坐标信息的自动传输,实现了滑坡点的自动化监测,经过两个雨季运行,GNSS监测站均监测到二庄科滑坡发生明显的位移,与现场核查结果相一致。

GNSS automatic monitoring station through satellite positioning technology can obtain the horizontal and vertical direction of the target displacement of the changing situation, applied to the landslide monitoring and early warning, can grasp the displacement of landslide on the three-dimensional direction changes, for the realization of the geological disaster prevention to the pre-disaster prevention, many research scholars will be introduced to the GNSS technology in geological disaster monitoring and early warning. Taking Erzhuang Ke, Baota District, Yan ’an city as an example, seven GNSS monitoring stations are deployed in key parts of landslide deformation according to the characteristics of landslide deformation, forming an automatic landslide monitoring network. Automatic transmission of three-dimensional coordinate information of monitoring points can be realized through 5G network, realizing automatic landslide monitoring. After two rainy seasons, GNSS monitoring stations have detected obvious displacement of Erzhuangke landslide, which is consistent with the on-site verification results.