近红外二区荧光活体生物成像技术研究进展

Advances on in vivo Fluorescence Bioimaging in the Second Near-Infrared Window

近红外二区荧光成像技术是一种大深度、高分辨的光学活体成像手段。相较于可见光(360~760 nm)和近红外一区(760~900 nm)窗口,近红外二区(900~1880 nm,NIR-II)窗口内的组织光吸收明显提升,显著抑制了二维面阵成像中的散射背景,使得成像效果得到改善。围绕着NIR-II窗口,研究者们已经开发了多种发光探针、成像系统及诊疗手段,在啮齿类、非人灵长类实验动物上展开实践,并在临床外科手术中初步评估了其应用前景。将从生物组织对可见-近红外波段光子的吸收与散射作用入手,阐述NIR-II光学成像的理论机制,简要介绍常见的几类NIR-II光学探针,综述现有的几种多模态NIR-II成像方式,并对成像引导下的多功能诊疗平台进行讨论,旨在为该领域的进一步发展提供参考,争取早日实现临床转化。

Near-infrared-II(NIR-II)fluorescence visualization is an in vivo optical imaging technique with large imaging depth and high resolution.Compared with visible(360-760 nm)and near-infrared-I(760-900 nm)windows,the light absorption of bio-tissues in the second near-infrared window(900-1880 nm)improves significantly,suppressing the scattering background in two-dimensional array detection,thus remarkably improving imaging quality.Currently,scientists have developed various luminescent probes,imaging systems,and theranostics pathways corresponding to the NIR-II window.The experimental animals cover from rodents to non-human primates.The clinical surgery of human liver tumors guided by NIR-II fluorescence imaging has also been initially evaluated.With light absorption and photon scattering in the visible and near-infrared regions in biological tissues,this study expounds on the mechanism of imaging quality improvement on NIR-II fluorescence imaging.It briefly introduces several typical NIR-II luminophores and reviews the developed multimodal NIR-II optical imaging methods.The multi-functional theranostics platform guided by precious NIR-II optical imaging is also discussed.These aim to provide references for further development and accelerate clinical translation.