走向深度学习:间接教学的价值意蕴与实现路径

Towards Deep Learning:Value Implication and Realization Path of Indirect Instruction

深度学习是学生通过探索、发现、创造等活动实现个体知识与能力协调发展的学习过程,而间接教学是学生主动参与教学的过程中,在教师的引导下通过自我探究、同伴交流寻找答案进而获得知识、提高能力的教学方式,两者表现出了内在逻辑上的一致性。间接教学聚焦于培养学生的自主探究意识,激发学生的内部学习动机;帮助学生超越符号认知的知识外壳,实现深入知识内核水平的转化;注重学生对问题的分析与反思,促进新条件下的正向学习迁移;关注真实学习情境的体验,达成情感、态度与价值观的精神培育。这些都明显蕴含了深刻、多向的深度学习价值诉求,具有引导学生走向深度学习的巨大潜力。间接教学走向深度学习的实现路径是:通过结合学生先前经验进行教学准备、在师生平等对话中生成教学互动、促进学生自主探究、鼓励学生参与教学评价。

Deep learning is a learning process in which students achieve the coordinated development of individual knowledge and ability through exploration,discovery,creation and other activities,while indirect instruction is a teaching method in which students actively participate in the teaching process and seek answers through self-exploration and peer communication under the guidance of teachers,so as to obtain knowledge and improve their abilities. As can be seen that there is an inhetent logical consistency between deep learning and indirect instruction.Indirect instruction focuses on cultivating students’ consciousness of independent inquiry to stimulate their internal learning motivation. It helps students to transcend the knowledge shell of symbolic cognition to realize the transformation of the core level of knowledge. It emphasizes students’ analysis of and reflection on problems to promote positive learning transfer under new conditions. And it pays attention to the experience of real learning situationsto achieve the spiritual cultivation of emotion,attitude and value. All these clearly contain profound and multi-directional deep learning value appeals,and have great potential to guide students to achieve deep learning. The path for indirect instructionto go towards deep learning is to prepare for teaching by combining students’ previous experience,generate teaching interactions in equal dialogues between teachers and students,promote students’ active inquiry,and encourage students to participate in teaching evaluation.