国际文化法律制度的现存问题与完善建议--以人类命运共同体理念的包容互鉴观为视角

Problems in International Cultural Legal System and Suggestions for Perfection:From the Inclusiveness and Mutual Learning Viewpoint of the Idea of Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

文化是文明的载体,是各文明国家之间彼此理解、相互沟通的媒介。然而,人类文明发展至今,文化冲突却愈演愈烈,强势文化尤其是西方文化要求全世界都接受西方文化的使命,导致其与其他文化之间的冲突无法避免,甚至造成大量流血冲突,既不利于文化多样性保护,又将损及每个人的文化权利及相关国家的文化主权,甚至会对世界和平与安全构成威胁。国际法作为调整国家间各类冲突的法律,对此类文化冲突具有当仁不让的调整义务,但相关的国际文化法律制度却面临救济困境,文化包容互鉴是走出救济困境的根本依赖。以人类命运共同体理念及其包容互鉴观为引领,探索构建文化包容互鉴的国际法体系,以“一带一路”中我国文化与沿线各国文化交流时的实践经验,展望文化包容互鉴的国际交流范式的中国方案,呼吁保护文化权利、文化主权,保持文化多样性,维护世界和平与安全。

Culture is the carrier of civilization and the medium for mutual understanding and communication between different civilizations and nations.Nevertheless,cultural conflict is becoming more and more intensified as human civilization has developed to the present stage.The strong culture,in the case Western civilization,demands the whole world accept the mission of Western culture,which leads to inevitable conflicts with other cultures,even a large number of sanguinary conflicts.This not only goes against the protection of cultural diversity,but damages individual’s cultural right and the cultural sovereignty of countries concerned,even posing a threat to the peace and security of the world.The International Law,as a law of modulating the conflicts of countries,should shoulder up the obligation to mitigate such cultural conflicts,whereas,relevant international cultural legal system is faced with relief problems.Causes for culturally based conflicts and their relief problems in the international order are analyzed to indicate that overcoming the relief problems should rely on cultural inclusiveness and mutual learning;and then suggestions are proposed for the perfection of the current international cultural legal system.Based on the idea of a community with a shared future for mankind and its view of inclusiveness and mutual learning,the paper explores to construct a culturally inclusive and mutual learning international legal system;drawing on the practical experience of China’s cultural exchange with the cultures of Belt and Road countries,the paper looks into a Chinese approach to a culturally inclusive and mutual learning international exchange pattern,appealing for the protection of cultural right and cultural sovereignty,preservation of cultural diversity,and safeguard of world peace and security.