刺参肠道菌群的研究进展

Research Progress on Intestinal Microbiota of Apostichopus japonicus

刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)是我国传统海珍之一,目前国内人工养殖技术已经相对成熟,但养殖产业仍旧面临养殖可控性差,病害频发、抗生素滥用等诸多问题。刺参肠道菌群与刺参的营养消化、免疫防御以及肠道再生等生理功能密切相关。养殖过程中,维持刺参肠道微生态健康是保障刺参养殖成活率和营养品质的关键要素之一,刺参自身生长阶段和外部环境因素均会影响肠道菌群的组成和功能。基于此,总结了国内外有关刺参肠道菌群结构和生理功能的研究现状,列举了影响刺参肠道菌群的主客观因素,以期为刺参的科学健康养殖提供理论指导。

Apostichopus japonicus is one of the precious traditional seafoods in China.At present,the artificial breeding technology has been relatively mature,but the culture industry still faced many problems,such as lack of quality control methods,frequent outbreak of diseases,excessive use of antibiotics and so on.Intestinal microbiota of A.japonicus have been implicated in a number of host physiological functions such as nutritional digestion,immune defense and intestinal regeneration.So in the process of aquaculture,healthy intestinal microecology was one of the key factors to ensure the survival rate and nutritional quality of A.japonicus.Many studies have shown that the composition and function of intestinal microbiota was affected by growth stage of A.japonicus and external environment factors.Based on this,this paper summarized the research status of structure,physiological function and influencing factors of A.japonicus intestinal microbiota in China and abroad,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific breeding of A.japonicus.