农村劳动力转移对农业生产效率的影响——以武汉城市圈为例

The Impact of Rural Labor Transfer on Agricultural Production Efficiency——A Case Study of Wuhan City Circle

农业在经济发展中具有基础性地位。十九届五中全会提出,要优先发展农业农村。利用武汉城市圈2009—2019年财农业生产的面板数据,运用DEA-BCC模型对农业生产效率进行测算,再用Tobit模型对农村劳动力转移的影响进行研究。研究发现:武汉城市圈整体农业生产效率虽未达到完全有效,但仍然保持在较高水平。核心变量农村劳动力转移对技术效率、纯技术效率和规模效率有较为显著的促进作用。解释变量中,农林水支出对技术效率和纯技术效率有较为显著的促进作用,对规模效率的促进作用不显著;有效灌溉面积对技术效率和纯技术效率有抑制作用,对规模效率的促进作用不显著。因此,应当根据各地区发展实际,着力实施推动转移人口的土地脱离、加大对农业科技的投入、完善外部机制等措施来提高财政支农支出效率,实现武汉城市圈农业高质量发展。

Agriculture plays a fundamental role in economic development.The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee proposed that priority should be given to the development of agriculture and rural areas.Based on the panel data of financial and agricultural production in Wuhan metropolitan area from 2009 to 2019,this paper uses DEA-BCC model to measure agricultural production efficiency,and then uses Tobit model to study the impact of rural labor transfer.The results show that:although the overall agricultural production efficiency of Wuhan metropolitan area is not fully effective,it still remains at a high level.The core variable rural labor transfer has a significant role in promoting technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency.Among the explanatory variables,agricultural,forestry and water expenditure has a significant promoting effect on technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency,but not on scale efficiency;the effective irrigation area has a restraining effect on technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency,but has no significant promoting effect on scale efficiency.Therefore,according to the actual development of various regions,efforts should be made to promote the land separation of the transferred population,increase the investment in agricultural science and technology,improve the external mechanism and other measures to improve the efficiency of financial support for agriculture and realize the high-quality development of agriculture in Wuhan metropolitan area.