“技术主权”和“数字主权”话语下的欧盟数字化转型战略

The EU’s Digital Transformation Strategy in the Context of “Tech Sovereignty” and “Digital Sovereignty” Discourse

随着数字领域国际格局变化以及欧盟的安全、发展和权力诉求日益迫切,"数字化转型"成为欧盟提升国际竞争力、实现可持续发展和战略自主的重要手段。在"技术主权"和"数字主权"等话语的支持下,欧盟推出了一系列数字化转型的相关战略和政策。这些话语是欧盟战略自主等思想在数字领域的延伸,它们通过强调数字政策的不同侧重点,助力欧盟通过完善监管和规则体系、加强数字技术能力建设和宣传其数字治理理念等方式进行数字化转型。其数字化转型战略以保护人权为抓手,具有对内对外双重目标指向,重视以产业政策助推数字技术发展,并在模式上强化了国家在数字治理中的作用。在此战略下,欧盟将强化在中美之间的机会主义倾向,在处理中欧关系时优先遵从政治逻辑,加深对华经济合作与加速在部分数字领域对华经贸"脱钩"将同步进行。因此,中国应针对欧盟数字化转型发展态势制定长远预案。

With the changing international landscape in the digital sphere and the EU’s increasingly urgent demands for security,development,and power,digital transformation has become an important tool for the EU to enhance its international competitiveness,achieve sustainable development, and maintain strategic autonomy.Supported by the discourses of “tech sovereignty”and “digital sovereignty,”the EU has launched a series of strategies and policies related to digital transformation.These discourses extend the EU’s strategic autonomy in the digital sphere.By emphasizing the different focuses of digital policies,such discourses help the EU carry out digital transformation by improving regulatory systems and rules,strengthening digital technology capacity building,and promoting its digital governance philosophy.The EU’s digital transformation strategy emphasizes the protection of human rights, has dual internal and external targeting,emphasizes industrial policies to boost the development of digital technologies,and strengthens the role of the state in digital governance. Under this strategy,the EU will reinforce its opportunistic tendency between China and the United States and prioritize political logic in handling China-EU relations.Therefore,while the EU may continue its economic cooperation with China,it will accelerate economic and trade “decoupling”with China in some digital areas.