冬奥会国家速滑馆超大地坪平整度快速测量

Rapid Measurement of Flatness of Oversized Floor of Speed Skating Oval in Winter Olympic Games

施工期平整度测量对地坪施工质量的控制与评估具有重要意义。采用靠尺或水准仪的传统地坪平整度测量方法存在测点稀疏、效率低等不足,难以适应超大地坪施工期平整度快速、精细的测量需求。提出了一种全站仪与惯性导航系统(inertial navigation system,INS)融合的平整度快速测量方法,通过卡尔曼滤波融合全站仪和INS数据,解算小车运动轨迹,根据轨迹点的高程计算平整度指标,发明研制相应的测量设备,应用于2022年北京冬奥会国家速滑馆冰面混凝土基底施工期平整度检测。实验结果表明,所提方法精度与水准仪相当,而测量效率显著提高,不仅能对地坪施工期整体平整度质量进行评估,而且可以对平整度异常进行检测和定位,为地坪的磨平工作提供指导,具有良好的工程价值。

Objectives:Flatness inspection during construction period is critical to ensure the floor perform its desired function after completion.There are some shortages in traditional floor flatness measurement methods based on straight edge or levelling instrument,for example,not all locations in area can be measured and the measurement speed is slow,so that these methods can not fit the fast and accurate flatness measuring requirement of oversized floor during construction.Methods:According to the features of target floor,which has large area and is not entirely solid,we present a rapid measuring and calculating method for floor flatness based on inertial navigation system and total station.First,we collect inertial data by inertial measurement sled,and observe the coordinates of the sled by total station.Second,we use Kalman filter to fuse inertial data and the units’coordinates to solve locations and attitudes of trajectory points.Third,we calculate the flatness indicator according to the elevation of trajectory points.Results:Experimental results show that the proposed method has nearly equal accuracy comparing to levelling instrument,with significant improvement in speed performance.Conclusions:The proposed method can not only make flatness quality assessment for floor under construction,but also detect and locate the flatness abnormalities so that provide direction for floor grinding.This method has great practical value and a wide application prospect.