渭河湿地资源现状及保护对策

The current situation and protection countermeasures of Weihe wetland resources

目的探究渭河湿地的资源现状和湿地保护存在的问题。方法依据文献资料和前人研究系统分析了渭河湿地资源类型及现状,总结出当前渭河湿地保护和管理的不足,为长远的渭河湿地保护提出建议和对策。结果与结论渭河湿地面积辽阔,拥有丰富且多样的生物资源和景观旅游资源,并建立了初步的湿地保护机构和制度。但存在湿地面积萎缩、潜在水污染风险、湿地保护与管理体系不完善、湿地相关法律的有效衔接问题、湿地法律意识普及有待加强等问题,对此,未来渭河湿地的保护措施应从4个方面入手:(1)防止湿地退化,维持和增加湿地面积;(2)加强渭河流域水污染防控,提高工业和城市污水处理率;(3)制定有效的渭河湿地协调管理机制,建立动态化湿地评估模式;(4)合理协调湿地相关法律衔接问题,提高湿地法律意识的普及。

Purposes—To explore the current situation of Weihe wetland resources and the existing problems of wetland protection.Methods—Based on the literature and previous studies,the types and status of Weihe wetland resources are systematically analyzed,with the current deficiencies in the protection and management of the Weihe wetlands summarized and the suggestions and countermeasures for long-term Weihe wetland protection put forward.Results and Conclusions—Weihe wetland has a vast area as well as rich and diverse resources of biology and landscape tourism,so a preliminary wetland protection organization and system has been established.However,there are some problems,such as shrinking wetland area,potential water pollution risk,imperfect wetland protection and management system,ineffective connection of wetland related laws,and lack of the awareness of popularizing the laws on wetland protection.For this,the future protection measures of Weihe wetland should be carried out from the following four aspects:(1)preventing wetland degradation and maintaining and increase wetland area;(2)strengthening the prevention and control of water pollution in the Weihe river basin and improving the industrial and urban sewage treatment rate;(3)formulating an effective coordinated management mechanism of Weihe wetland and establishing a dynamic wetland evaluation model;(4)reasonably coordinating the legal connection issues related to wetlands and improving the popularization of wetland legal awareness.